UNIT 4.
VOLUNTEER WORK
LANGUAGE FOCUS 1
TRUNG VUONG HIGH SCHOOL
Teacher : Lê Thị Hồng Quế
October, 2021
WARM-UP:
What do you call it in English ?
Whale
Wine
Water
Uniform
Yogurt 
/w/
/j/
University
Ôn tập cách đọc âm /w/

Ôn tập cách đọc âm /j/
-Đọc là /w/ : wine ,wet ,wheel ,whale .
-/w/ câm khi có wr : write ,wrist ,wrap,…
Trường hợp đặc biệt : who, twelve, answer, whole,…w là âm câm .
-Một số “y” được đọc là /j/ khi đứng đầu từ : young ,yellow, years …
-Một số “u”được đọc là /j/: use, utility, uniform, ...
A. PRONUNCIATION
PRACTICE :
/w/
/w/
w câm
/w/
/w/
/w/
w câm
/w/
/j/
/j/
/j/
/ʌ/
/j/
/j/
/j/
/ai/
/j/
/j/
/j/
/ə/
1.Gerund and present participle.
2.Perfect gerund and perfect participle.
B. GRAMMAR
I. Gerund and present participle: V-ing.

Làm chủ ngữ: Painting is our work.
Làm tân ngữ: One of my hobbies is collecting stamps.
Sau giới từ và một số động từ: enjoy, miss, finish, delay, avoid, suggest, risk, postpone, admit,……..
EX: I’m afraid of going out alone in the dark.
I enjoy walking in the countryside.

1.Gerund: V-ing
Dùng trong thì tiếp diễn: He is singing .
Dùng như tính từ: Football is an exciting sport.
Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ ( ĐT dạng chủ động):
The train (which is) arriving at the station is one hour late.
4. Đi sau động từ : see, hear, smell, watch, notice, touch, observe (hđ đang xãy ra), feel, find, catch, leave + O + V-ing (p.participle)
EX: Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain
Do you hear him singing?
2. Present participle: V-ing
5. Sau 1 số động từ: waste/ spend + time/ money + V-ing, be busy, …..
Ex: You waste time copying the lesson again.

6. Rút gọn S trong câu khi 2 MĐ có cùng S.
Ex: I entered the room, I saw him
→ Entering the room, I saw him.
3. Practice 1
Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate gerund of the verbs
Ex. He found that _______ was difficulty in that city.
parking
spend
behave
wait
park
start
bend
meet
listen
1. I have no objection to _______ to your story again.
listening
2. Touch your toes without _______ your knees!
bending
3.You should be ashamed of yourself for _______ so badly.
behaving
4. I am looking forward to _______ you.
meeting
5. You can’t prevent him from _______ his own money.
spending
6. Would you mind _______ for a moment.
waiting
7. In spite of _______ late, we arrived in time.
starting
Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate present participle of the verbs
lie
modernize
shop
pass
prepare
rise
try
Example:
I saw him _______ my house.
passing
She smelt something ________ and saw smoke______.
If she catches you _______ her diary, she’ll be furious.
They found a tree _____ across the road.
I’m going _________this after noon.
He doesn’t spend much time __________his lesson.
They wasted a whole afternoon ______ to repair the bike.
They spent a lot of money ____________the house.
burn
burning
rising
read
reading
shopping
lying
preparing
trying
modernizing
3. Practice 2
II. PERFECT Gerund and pERFECT participle:
HAVING + V3/ed.
- Dùng giống như gerund và present participle.
- Diễn tả hoặc nhấn mạnh sự hoàn thành của một hành động trong quá khứ
EX: I approve of helping the poor ( Tôi đồng ý giúp người nghèo)
I approve of having helped the poor ( Tôi đồng ý với việc đã giúp người nghèo)
EX: Finishing my homework, I went to bed (làm xong BT, tôi đi ngủ)
Having finished my homework, I went to bed (Sau khi đã làm xong BT, tôi đi ngủ)
Perfect gerund: Nhấn mạnh sự hoàn thành của một hành động hay diễn tả nhấn mạnh một hành động xãy ra trước 1 hành động khác

Practice: Put the verbs in brackets into the perfect gerund or perfect participle
1. I object to him ……………....................(make) private calls on the office phone.
2. …………………………(be) his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another.
3. They denied ………………………………(be) there.
4. ………………………….(tie) one end of the rope to his bed, he threw the other end out of the window.
having made
Having been
having been
Having tied

5. ………………………………(read) the instruction, he snatched up the fire extinguisher.
6. The children admitted …………………………(take) the money.
Having read
having taken
HOME WORK
-copy all the lesson into your notebooks.
- Learn by heart all the rules.
- Prepare UNIT 4. LANGUAGE FOCUS 2
Thanks for your attention!