UNIT 10: HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AND LONGIVITY
SKILLS: Reading
LIFE EXPECTANCY FACTORS
1.The machines described in the pictures above help doctors to diagnose and treat diseases. Discuss with a partner.
1. Have you ever seen them?
=> No, I haven`t.
2. What are they used for?
=> MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scanners and X-ray machines take medicaỉ images of patients` internal body parts. MRI images provide a 3D representation organs, which X-rays usually cannot.
ask 2. Read an article about the main factors for the increased life expectancy. Four sentences have been removed from the article. Choose a sentence (a-d) to complete each gap (1-4).
 a. The last century’s advances such as the discovery of antibiotics and vaccines, and the development of medical imaging have contributed to longer life.
 b. Studies show that for each hour of regular exercise, people can gain two hours of additional life expectancy
c. This increase can be attributed to three main factors: healthier lifestyles, better nutrition, and advances in medical science and technology.
d. Eating more fruits and vegetables, but less fatty foods can reduce the risk of serious diseases.
ask 2. Read an article about the main factors for the increased life expectancy. Four sentences have been removed from the article. Choose a sentence (a-d) to complete each gap (1-4).
Over the past hundred years, the average life expectancy has risen dramatically from 30 years in 1900 to 67.2 years in 2010, with Japan reaching the highest figure at 82.6 years. 1. _____________________________________
Mass media have helped to raise people’s awareness of lifestyle choices. While smoking, alcohol intake and fast food consumption can increase the risk of obesity and heart disease, doing regular physical activity and spending more time outdoors can boost the body’s strength and ability to function well. 2. ___________________________. Longevity is also linked with low levels of stress and anxiety. A popular way to relieve stress in today’s busy lifestyles is practising meditation and yoga.
In addition to better living standards, people enjoy more nutritious diets and cleaner drinking water. Research shows that the food we eat can affect longevity, and even simple dietary changes can boost our immune system. 3. ____________________________
The third factor responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy is the advanced technology and medical developments. 4. ____________________________. In the 21st century, scientists continue to look for new ways to treat serious diseases and slow down the ageing process. Many of these treatments and new developments have the potential to further prolong and improve the quality of life.
Over the past hundred years, the average life expectancy has risen dramatically from 30 years in 1900 to 67.2 years in 2010, with Japan reaching the highest figure at 82.6 years. 1. c. This increase can be attributed to three main factors: healthier lifestyles, better nutrition, and advances in medical science and technology.
Mass media have helped to raise people’s awareness of lifestyle choices. While smoking, alcohol intake and fast food consumption can increase the risk of obesity and heart disease, doing regular physical activity and spending more time outdoors can boost the body’s strength and ability to function well. 2. b. Studies show that for each hour of regular exercise, people can gain two hours of additional life expectancy. Longevity is also linked with low levels of stress and anxiety. A popular way to relieve stress in today’s busy lifestyles is practising meditation and yoga.
In addition to better living standards, people enjoy more nutritious diets and cleaner drinking water. Research shows that the food we eat can affect longevity, and even simple dietary changes can boost our immune system. 3. d. Eating more fruits and vegetables, but less fatty foods can reduce the risk of serious diseases.
The third factor responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy is the advanced technology and medical developments. 4. a. The last century’s advances such as the discovery of antibiotics and vaccines, and the development of medical imaging have contributed to longer life. In the 21st century, scientists continue to look for new ways to treat serious diseases and slow down the ageing process. Many of these treatments and new developments have the potential to further prolong and improve the quality of life.


1. believed to be caused (by)
- be attributed (to)
(được cho là do – Là do)
2. The state of being extremely overweight in an unhealthy way
- Obesity
(Trạng thái cực kì thừa cân một cách không lành mạnh - béo phì)
3. drugs used to kill bacteria and treat infecctions
- Antibiotics
(Thuốc để diệt vi khuẩn và điều trị nhiễm trùng - thuốc kháng sinh)
4. a substance that is driven into the blood to protect the body against certain diseases
- vaccine
(một chất được đưa vào máu để bảo vệ cơ thể chống lại các bệnh nhất định - vắc xin)
5. relating to the food eaten by an individual
- dietary
(Liên quan đến khẩu phần ăn - ăn kiêng)

Task 3. Find the words or expressions in the text which have the following meanings.

Task 4.  Read the text again and answer the questions.

1. What are the factors responsible for the increase in life expectancy?
=> The three factors are healthier lifestyles, better nutrition and advances in medical science and technology.
2. What lifestyle choices can increase the risk of heart disease?
=> Smoking, alcohol intake and fast food consumption can increase the risk of heart disease.
3. What can improve the ability of the human body to function well?
=> Doing regular physical activity and spending more time outdoors can improve the ability of the human body to function well.
4. Why do people practise yoga and meditation?
=> Because they want to relieve stress.
5. Why is diet linked with longevity?
=> Because the food we eat can affect longevity and dietary changes can boost our immune system.
6. What are the medical developments and advanced technology mentioned in the article?
=> They are the discovery of antibiotics and vaccines, and the development of medical imaging.
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Task 5. Which of the factors mentioned in the article do you think is the most important? Discuss with a partner.

=> In my opinion, Lifestyle choice is the most important in increasing expectancy. If you have a good lifestyle, you will definitely take up good habits and care about your life in all factors like physical health and mental health.