Drawing tree diagrams
Truong Van Anh
Sai Gon University

S
NP
Pro

VP
Vgr
[Complex]

We

consider

NP
N
Jack

NP
Poss

N

our monitor

S
NP

VP

Pro Vgrp

NP

[Ditrans]
Pro
She told me

PP
Prep

NP

about her pity story

S
NP
N/Pro

He/Jack

VP1
VP2

Adv

Vgr

NP

eats

cake

there.

S
NP
N

VP1
VP2
Vgr

Mary

Adv
NP

[intens]
becomes a nurse in a hospital

S'
Adv

S

NP

VP

Surreptitiously she put the cake under the bed.

S
NP
Pro

VP
Vgrp
[monotr]
Prep

PP
NP
Det N

He called up the tree.

S
NP

Jack

VP1
VP2
[Intrans]
Vgr

Adv

stood

up.

S
NP
N

VP
V NP
[ditrans]

Chí Phèo tặng

E

NP

một bông hồng

S'
V

S
NP

VP
Vgr

AP

[intens]
Is Kubla 0 extravagant?

S'
V
[Pres]

S
NP
VP
Pro Vgrp NP

O Det N
Have you
a book

S'
S1

Conj

S2

He is poor, but he learns English excellently.

S
S1

Conj

S2

He learns well, so he gets good marks.

S
S1

Conj

S2

He will work hard, or he will be sacked.

S''
NP
Nom
Det N

S'

VP
Vgrp

NP

Comp
S
[monotrans] Nom
NP
VP
Det N
V
PP
Prep Nom
Det N
The room which 0 is in the corner has no projector.

S''
NP
S'
Comp

S

VP
Vgrp
Nom
[monotrans] N

NP
VP
Det N V
PP
Pro
[intens] Prep NP
Det N
Poss
That the king was in his room disconcerned him

S'
NP

VP

N

Vgr

Comp

S

[Monotrans]
NP

VP

John asked whether those sausages were ready yet.

S''
NP
VP
Pro Vgrp AP
[intens]
A
V

S'
Comp

S

NP
VP
Pro Perf PASS V
He seemed angry that he had not been chosen.

S''
NP
Pro V

VP
AP

[intens] A
S'
V
Comp

S

NP
VP
V
NP
It is important that he be our friend.

S''
NP

VP

Pro Vgrp NP
PP
[ditrans]
Nom P
S'
Pro
Comp
S
NP
VP
Pro Vgrp N Adv
He tells me about what he did 0 last week.

Adv
S'
Comp S

S''
NP
VP
Pro Vgrp
Aux V
[intens]

NP VP
N
V
(intrans]

If John leaves, she will be

AP

Deg A

very sad.

S''
Adv
S'
Comp S

If John leaves, she will be

very sad.

S''
NP
Pro

VP
Vgr

AP

S'
Comp
S
NP
VP
N
V[intrans]
She will be very sad if John leaves.

EXERCISES

Jack is intelligent.

Jack is on the fifth floor.

Jack is a student.