Lời nói trực tiếp, Lời nói gián
tiếp

Teacher: Lại Thị Trang

Nội Dung

Định nghĩa
Loi noi truc tiep
Loi noi gian tiep
Bai tap

Lời nói trực tiếp

1. LỜI NÓI TRỰC TIẾP (direct speech): là
lời nói nguyên văn của người nói, được cho
trong ngoặc kép.
VD: she said “I'm a teacher”

Lời nói gián tiếp

2. LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP (indirect
speech): là lời nói thuật lại lời nói của
người khác, nội dung thì giữ nguyên
nhưng phải thay đổi thì, đại từ nhân
xưng và các trạng từ trong câu.
VD: she said that she was a teacher.

3. BẢNG THAY ĐỔI THÌ TRONG CÂU

DIRECT SPEECH

INDIRECT SPEECH

Simple present
Simple past
Present perfect
Past perfect
Future
Present continuous
Past continuous
Future continuous (will be V_ing)

Simple past
Past perfect
Past perfect
Past perfect
Future in the past (Would + V)
Past continuous
Past perfect continuous
Would be V_ing

VD: He said that “I don't love you any more”
→ He said that he didn't love me anymore.

VD: “We found the missing baby” Police said.
→ Police said that they had found the missing baby.

4. Cần chú ý các thay đổi với các động từ khuyết thiếu sau:
Will
Would
Shall
Should
Can
Could
May
Might

→
→
→
→
→
→
→
→

would
would
should
should
could
could
might
might

Ví Dụ

VD: “I will help your children with their study”
she told the children' parents.
→ She told the children' parents that she would
help their children with their study.
VD: “You should take a rest when you're tired”
→ The mother advised the son that he should
take a rest when he was tired

Must do
→
had to do
VD: “You must see the dentist” the mother said to
her son
→ The mother told her son that he had to see the
dentist
Mustn't do → weren't / wasn't allowed to do
VD: he said “you musn't smoke here”
→ he told me that I wasn't allowed to smoke
there.

5. BẢNG THAY ĐỔI VỀ THỜI GIAN
DIRECT SPEECH
Now/ at present
this
These
Here
Ago
today/ nowdays
Tomorrow
day
Yesterday
day
last month/ year
recently / lately

INDIRECT SPEECH
then
that
those
there
before
that day
The next day/ the following
the day before/ the previous
the previous month/ year
previously

VD: Marry said “I am washing the
dishes now”
→ Marry said that she was washing
the dishes then
VD: “I saw this car yesterday,” he
told the police
→ He told the police that he had
seen that car the day before

6. ĐỐI VỚI CÂU HỎI
a, wh_question: ta phải chuyển về
sắc thái câu kể
VD: “who are you?” she asked.
→ she asked me who I was.
VD: They said, “Where did you
come from, Peter?”
→ They asked Peter where he had
come from.

b, Yes/ No question : ta dùng kèm
theo if và whether
VD: he said, “Are you tired?”
→ He asked me if/ whether I was
tired (anh ấy hỏi tôi liệu tôi có mệt
hay ko.
VD “Do you know Marry?” she
asked the man
→She asked the man if / whether he
knew Marry

c, CÂU MỆNH LỆNH
tell/ ask / order sb (not) to do sth
VD “go away” he said to Daisy
→ he told Daisy to go away
“Don't do that. Are you mad?” I
said to him
→ I ordered him not to do that and
asked him if he was mad.

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN VÀ CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH

Loại 1
Loại 2
Loại 3

→
→
→

loại 2
loại 3
loại 3

VD: he said “ if it's hot, I'll go
swimming”
→ he said that if it were hot, he
would go swimming

CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH
I wish I were at home”
→ She said that she wished she had
been at home
8. Trường hợp đặc biệt
VD: he said “Let's go out”
→ he suggested going out
→ he suggested that they should go
out
Suggest
V_ing
That sb (should) do

* offer sb sth : cho ai cái gì
VD: she offered me a glass of beer
* “Would you like to do sth…?”
→ invite sb to do sth
VD: “would you like to go to the
cinema, Mai? I said.
→ I invited Mai to go to the
cinema .

Bài tập
He said “ when we were living in
Australia we often saw John”.
“ I'd be very grateful if you'd keep me
informed”, he said
“I'll do it tomorrow”, he said.
He asked,” what have you got in your
bag?”
He said, “You mustn't tell anyone”
“Will your team take part in the games
next year?” I asked the coach.
The father said to the son, “ Don't try to
break the law.”
“Why do't we have a short braek now?
I'm too tired to go on working”, Sally said

“ I know the place well because I used to live here” David
explained.
“Susan, this is Miss Queenie from Vietnam. Ms Susan, Miss
Queenie” John said
Mr Green said, “Jack! Why don't you go to bed early?”
She asked, “ Shall I shut the window?”
The Policeman said to us, “ you mustn't cross the street
against the red light.”
“Did you finish the report?” said my boss.
Dick said to us, “My father died in 1998”
“Sit down and tell me what is worrying yiu!” he said to her.
“We like working on Saturday because we get double pay”
exlained the builders.
I'll give you a lift if you like”, he said to me.
“I'm sorry I'm late” she said
“Sorry, I'm late, I got held up in the traffic”, he said
“How long have been learning English? She aske my brother.
“I am going out now but I'll be in by ine” his wife told him.
“Do you go to work this Sunday?” I asked my mother