A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR
+ although
+ despite
+ however
+ nevertheless
A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR:
Although, Though, Even though
a) Cách dùng:
- Although, Though, Even though(dù, mặc dù, cho dù).
Although/ Though/ Even though  là những liên từ nối chỉ sự tương phản.
b) Cấu trúc:
Although/ Even though/ Though+ S+ V (chia theo thì thích hợp)
* Theo sau là 1 mệnh đề có chủ ngữ và động từ.
c) Ví dụ:
1. She walked home by herself although she knew that it was dangerous.
⟹ Cô ấy đi về nhà một mình mặc dù cô biết như vậy rất nguy hiểm.
2. He decided to go though I begged him not to.
⟹ Anh ấy đã quyết định đi, mặc dù tôi tha thiết mong anh ở lại.
3. She’ll be coming tonight even though I don’t know exactly when.
⟹ Cô ấy sẽ tới vào tối nay, mặc dù tôi không biết chính xác thời gian.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR:
Although, Though, Even though
a) Cách dùng:
- Although, Though, Even though(dù, mặc dù, cho dù).
Although/ Though/ Even though  là những liên từ nối chỉ sự tương phản.
b) Cấu trúc:
Although/ Even though/ Though+ S+ V (chia theo thì thích hợp)
* Có thể đứng ở đầu câu hoặc giữa hai mệnh đề
c) Ví dụ:
Example 1: Although/ though/ even though she hasn’t really got the time, she still offered to help.
Example 2:She still offered to help although/ though/ even though she hasn’t really got the time.
⟹ Mặc dù không thực sự có thời gian, cô ấy vẫn tỏ ý muốn giúp đỡ.

A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR:
Although, Though, Even though
a) Cách dùng:
b) Cấu trúc:
c) Ví dụ:
d) Chú ý:
➤ Khi đảo Although/ Though/ Even though lên đứng đầu câu, ta phải sử dụng dấu phẩy sau mệnh đề chính. Ngược lại nếu đứng ở giữa câu thì không cần dấu phẩy.
➤ Mặc dù có nghĩa hoàn toàn giống nhau và có thể thay thế cho nhau nhưng sắc thái biểu đạt và ngữ cảnh sử dụng của 3 từ này lại có phần khác nhau.
- Although thường được sử dụng nhiều trong văn viết, với sắc thái trang trọng (formal) còn Though lại được sử dụng phổ biến trong văn nói, với sắc thái informal. Và trong đa số trường hợp, Though thường đứng cuối câu.
Example 1:
It was raining. We decided to go fishing though.
⟹ Trời đang mưa nhưng chúng tôi vẫn quyết định đi câu cá.
Even though được dùng để diễn tả sự tương phản mạnh mẽ hơn so với Although và Though.
Example 2:
Even though it was raining, we decided to go fishing.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR:
Although, Though, Even though
a) Cách dùng:
b) Cấu trúc:
c) Ví dụ:
d) Chú ý:
➤ Trong văn nói văn viết trang trọng, chúng ta còn có thể sử dụng mệnh đề rút gọn với Although và Though để giới thiệu mệnh đề sau mà không cần động từ.
Example 1:
Peter, although working harder this term, still needs to put more work into mathematics.
Raymond, although very interested, didn’t show any emotion when she invited him to go for a walk.
Though more expensive, the new car model is safer and more efficient.
➤ Trong một số trường hợp Though/ Although có thể mang nghĩa giống “but” và “however” (nhưng, tuy nhiên).
A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR:
Although, Though, Even though
Inspite of/ Despite
a) Cách dùng:
- Inspite of/ Despite  là những liên từ nối mang nghĩa tương phản và có nghĩa là “ mặc dù”. Tuy nhiên, nó có cấu trúc khác với các từ Although/ Though/ Even though.
b) Cấu trúc:
Despite/ In spite of + N/ Noun- phrase/ Ving
c) Ví dụ:
The game continued despite the rain.
⟹ Trận đấu vẫn tiếp tục mặc dù trời mưa.
In spite of her illness, she came to work.
⟹ Mặc dù bị ốm, cô ấy vẫn đi làm.
He arrived late despite leaving in plenty of time.
⟹ Anh ta đến muộn mặc dù có rất nhiều thời gian để di chuyển.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR:
Although, Though, Even though
Inspite of/ Despite
a) Cách dùng:
b) Cấu trúc:
c) Ví dụ:
d) Chú ý:
Giống với Though/ Although/ Even though, Despite và In spite of đều có thể đứng đầu câu hoặc giữa hai mệnh đề.
Có thể đi với “the fact that”
Khi muốn viết lại câu từ nhóm 1 sang nhóm 2, chúng ta chỉ việc thêm cụm từ “the fact that” vào phía sau Despite hoặc In spite of.
Despite/ In spite of the fact that + S+ V ( chia theo thì)
Example 1:
When they arrived at Malaga it was hot although it was only the end of April.
⟹ When they arrived at Malaga it was hot in spite of the fact that it was only the end of April.
There’s a chance he’ll recover though the doctors can’t say for certain.
⟹ There’s a chance he’ll recover despite the fact that the doctors can’t say for certain.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
GRAMMAR:
Although, Though, Even though
Inspite of/ Despite
EXERCISE:
Bài : Viết lại câu với although/ in spite of/ despite
Even though he usually tells lies, many people believe him.
KEY: Despite the fact that he usually tells lies, many people believe him.
2. Despite the fact that he got bad grade in the university entrance exam, he was admitted to the university.
KEY: Although he got bad grade in the university entrance exam, he was admitted to the university.
3. Although she was out of money, she went shopping
KEY: Despite being out of money, she went shopping.
4. In spite of missing the bus, we went to school on time.
KEY: Although we missed the bus, we went to school on time.
5. Although the weather was bad, we had a wonderful holiday with a lot of interesting activities.
KEY: Despite the bad weather, we had a wonderful holiday with a lot of interesting activities.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
EXERCISE:
1. Complete the sentences. Use although + a clause from the box.
1. We enjoyed the film at the Ngoc Khanh Cinema_______________________________.
2. _____________________________________________it wasn`t a big success.
3. _________________________________I don`t enjoy the film.
4. I didn`t find it funny at all________________________________________.
5. The film is based on a book that was written twenty years ago__________________________________________.



although few people came to see it.
Although they spent a lot of money on the film


Although the acting is excellent
although it was a comedy.
although it is set in modern times.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
EXERCISE:
2. Complete the sentences, using although, despite/in spite of. Sometimes, two answers are possible.
1._______________the story of the film was good, I didn`t like the acting.
2. I went to see the film ____________________feeling really tired.
3. I really enjoyed the Water War____________________most of my friends said it wasn`t a very good film.
4. ____________________careful preparation, they had a lot of difficulties in making the film.
5. _______________the film was gripping, Tom slept from beginning to end.



Although  
despite/ in spite of  
although
Despite/ In spite of  
Although
A CLOSER LOOK 2
EXERCISE:
3. Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets. Change other words in the sentence if necessary
I don`t think Stallone is a very good actor. He was very good in the Rocky films. (although)


2. Many European film directors have gone to Hollywood to make films. Few have had as much success as Milos Forman. (although)



3. They watched films on DVD all night. They had to work the next day. (despite)


4. He has performed excellently in many films. He has never won an Oscar for Best Actor. (although)


5. The film begins with a terrible disaster. It has a happy ending. (in spite of)
 





→ I don’t think Stallone is a very good actor although he was very good in the Rocky films.

→ Although many European film directors have gone to Hollywood to make films, few have had as much success as Milos Forman.

→ Despite having to work the next day, they watched films on DVD all night.


→ Although he has performed excellently in many films, he has never won an Oscar for Best Actor.

→ In spite of beginning with a terrible disaster, the film has a happy ending.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
EXERCISE:
 4. Complete the sentences using although, despite, in spite of, however or nevertheless. Sometimes two answers are possible.












1. The film didn`t receive good reviews from critics.______________________ , many people went to see it.
2.___________________________ the silly story, many people enjoyed the film.
3. They spent millions of dollars on making the film. _______________________it wasn`t as successful as expected.
4.__________________________Jaws is one of Spielberg`s first films, it is one of his best.
5.___________________________the film was a bit frightening, I really enjoyed it.



However/ Nevertheless    
Despite/ In spite of
However/ Nevertheless
Although 
Although
A CLOSER LOOK 2
EXERCISE:
5. Use your own ideas to complete the following sentences. Then compare your sentences with a partner.
1. I don`t really like the film although_____________________________________.
2. They spent a huge amount of money on the film. However, _____________________________________.
3. The film was a great success in spite of____________________________________________.
4. The sound in the film is terrible. Nevertheless, _______________________________________.
5. Although it is a horror film, ___________________________________________.
6. Despite his age_______________________________________.



it stars many famous actors.
the film didn’t get the big success.
being produced by an amateur producer.
I really like the film
I really enjoyed it
Despite his age