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AND STUDENTS
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CAN THO UNIVERSITY
Chapter 2: NITROGEN - PHOSTPHORUS
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Average atomic weight
Element name
Electron configuration
Chemical symbol
Atomic number



Electronegativity
Oxidation number
7
14.006
3.04
1s22s22p3
N
Nitrogen
-3, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
Position: Seventh cell, VA group and the second period
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O2
N2
 
No support the burning and the respiration.
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Think again!
In what way is Nitrogen gas collected? Why?
N2
N2
H2O
Air
A
B
 
Congratulations!
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The formation of nitrogen molecule (N2)
N
N
Electron formula
N  N
Structural formula:
The triple bond in molecule very stable
At ambient temperature, nitrogen is quite chemically inert.
At high temperatures and to have catalyst, nitrogen becomes more active.
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* Determine the oxidation number of N in the following compounds:




NH3 N2 N2O NO NO2 HNO3
-3
0
+1
+2
+4
+5
1- Oxidative property
2- Reductive property
(is the predominated property)
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1- Oxidative property
* Reaction with metals
6Li + N2 → 2Li3N
(lithium nitride)
3Mg + N2 → Mg3N2
At high temperature
At ambient temperature
heat
(magnesium nitride)
* Reaction with hydrogen
2Al + N2 → AlN
heat
(aluminium nitride)
3H2 (gas)+ N2(gas) 2NH3(gas) (∆H<0)
(to form nitride of metals)
ammonia
heat, pressure
catalyst
0
0
+1
-3
0
0
+2
-3
0
0
-3 +1
0
0
+3
-3
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2- Reductive property
N2(gas) + O2(gas)
2NO(gas)
 
nitrogen monoxide
2NO (gas) + O2(gas) → 2NO2(gas)
nitrogen dioxide
(brownish red)
0
0
+2 -2
0
+2
+4 -2
Explain the following proverb:
“When the rice is growing,
Heard the rain thunder will so happy.”
Note: N2 + O2 → N2O; N2O3; N2O5
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The thunder supplies the energy for the reaction between N2 and O2 to form NO.

N2 + O2 2NO
2NO + O2 2NO2
4NO2 + 2H2O + O2 4HNO3
HNO3 + NH3 NH4NO3 (fertilizer)

Then the chemical processes in the atmospheric nitrate formation to supply protein to the plant.
 
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Nitric acid.
Fertilizer.
Planes tire pump.
Foaming beer.
Food packaging.
Preserve blood
Liquid nitrogen
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What the gas is present in the incandescent bulbs?
(Long-term use is still not afraid worn hair)
Please explain?
Thinking
question
Nitrogen is present in the incandescent bulbs.
Because:
- Nitrogen is relatively inert → difficult react with metal → increase the lifespan of incandescent bulbs.
- Find easily than rare gas.
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1- In the element form
Nitrogen is a mixture of two isotopes:
99,63%
0,37%
=> The average atomic mass of N
Weight molecule N2:
 
 
Nitrogen is present in sodium saltpeter (NaNO3).

Nitrogen is also a component of animal and plant proteins.
2- In compounds
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1 - In industry: Nitrogen is produced by the fractional distillation of liquid air
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O2
N2
gas N2
gas O2
The fractional distillation of liquid air
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2- In the laboratory
 
Solution NaNO2
Solution NH4Cl
H2O
N2
 
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A. (a) , (b) all correct
C. (a) correct and (b) incorrect
B. (a), (b) all incorrect
D. (a) incorrest and (b) corect

Question 1: Having statement
(a) - When reacting with hydrogen, nitrogen exhibit reductive property.
(b) - When reacting with oxygen, nitrogen exhibit oxidative property.
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Question 2: What is the condition when nitrogen reacts with oxygen? Choose the correct answer.
A. The thunder or electric spark
C. 500OC
B. Over 3000OC .
D. A and B all correct.
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A. The air
C. NH3 and O2
B. NH4NO2
D. All correct
Question 3: In the laboratory, what the compound is used to synthesize nitrogen?
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Thanks for your attention
See you again!
Derector: Chemistry1996
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Derector: Chemistry1996
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minhtien12a3@gmail.com