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Group 4!
Class: AV 2A



Guider teacher : LÊ THÁI BẢO
Class : AV2A
RELIGION IN THE U.K
Religion in the U.K
I/ What Christians believe
Introduce about Jesus Christ
II/Religion in Britain
1.Catholicsm
2.Protestantism
III/ The church of England
IV/ The church of Scotland
V/ Other religions in the United Kingdom.
I/What Christians believe
The United Kingdom is a Christian country. For all Christians the Bible is in two parts: The Old Testament (Kinh Cựu ước ), which tells the story of the creation of the world and the early history of the Jewish people; and The New Testament (Kinh tân ước), which tells the story of Jesus Christ and the early Christian church. The most important part of the Bible for Christian are four books in New Testament that tell the story of Jesus. These books are called Mathew, Mark, Luke and John.
The word Christian comes from the word Christ, the name given to Jesus meaning Son of God. Christian are so called because they believe Jesus is the Son of God. Christians believe in one God, but he is made up of three different identities; God the Father, God the Son (or Jesus) and God the Holy Spirit. The idea of these three identities in one God is called The Trinity (Chúa 3 ngôi), and central to Christian belief.
The purpose of life, for a Christian, is to trust in, and believe in God, to help people around them, and to bring people closer to God by setting a good example in their own life and behavior: If you live a good life and if you serve God well, Christians believe that you will go to Heaven when you die , and will live there with God forever. If you have not been good, and have not obeyed the word of God (the Bible), most Christians believe that you will go to Hell, Satan , also called The Devil, is God’s great enemy. Christians believe that the Devil wants to corrupt (đồi bại, mua chuộc) us, and take us away from God, and take us to Hell, his home, when we die. The most common idea of Hell is a place full of fire, where you will spend eternity (cõi vĩnh hằng) cut off from God, burning.
Who is he?
He is Jesus
At the heart of the Christian religion is Jesus and his teachings. His life story is central, and most festivals in Christian countries celebrate some event in his life.
Christian believe that Jesus was born to a virgin mother, Mary, whom God chose to be mother of his son because of her great purity (trong trăng, thuần khiết) and Goodness. He was born in a stable (chuồng ngựa) In Israel surrounded by Animals and was visited by Shepherds (người chăn cừu – cha xứ), and by Philosophers who recognized him as the Son of God. His birth is celebrated at Christmas.
When Jesus was 30, he began to preach. His teachings are in many ways similar to those Buddha.
He taught that we should love each other, forgive each other, and live together in peace. The Bible says he also cured the sick and the mad, and even raised the dead. Many people liked his words and followed him, believing that he was the Son of God. Those people, who believed in him, he baptized (rửa tội) but submerging them in water, and thus symbolically washing their sins (tội ác) away. All Christians still have some sort of baptism ritual now.
Virgin Mother, Mary
According to the Bible, after some years of teaching, the leaders of the Jewish church grew angry with Jesus and his influence. They didn’t believe he was the Son of God. They arranged for him to be arrested and killed. One of his closest followers, Judas, betrayed (tiết lộ) Jesus to the Roman authorities by kissing him.
The Bible says that the night before Jesus died, he had super with his twelve close followers. He knew he would die, so he gave his followers bread and said “ This is my body – eat it”. He gave them wine and he said “ This is my blood – drink it”. He meant that they should make him part of themselves and spread his message after he was gone. This image is extremely important to Christians, and all celebrate a service where they eat bread and drink wine in memory of Jesus. This ceremony ( nghi lễ) is called Mass or Communion (lễ ban thánh thể). The word Christmas is a combination of the word Christ and the word Mass.
Jesus was tried, and condemned to die on a cross, or crucified (thánh giá). His crucifixion is one of the most powerful images in Christianity. Christians believe that Jesus died on Friday night, was in the grave on Saturday, and on Easter Sunday . He rose from the dead. This weekend is celebrated at Easter because Jesus came back from the dead on Sunday, most Christians go to church on this day. Christians believe that after rising from the dead, he returned to his father in Heaven, leaving men earth to spread his message.
The death and resurrection (sự phục sinh) of Jesus is the most important part of the story for Christians, because they believe that man is born sinful, and punishment for sin is death, so the only way they can pay for their sins is by dying.
However they believe that Jesus came to earth to die for the sins of everybody in the world so that those who loved God could live forever.
The last day Jesus have dinner with 12 closer followers
Easter celebrate
Jesus in the crucifix
The Pope of Catholicism
II/ Religion in Britain
The roman brought Christianity to Britain in the form Roman Catholicism, and until the 16th century and Henry VIII, everyone in Britain was a catholic.
1. CATHOLICSM (Thiên Chúa Giáo)

The Catholics believe, as Christians do in the Trinity ( God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Spirit). They believe in Jesus Christ, Heaven and Hell. They also believe there is divine hierarchy. At the top is God , at the bottom, ordinary people. Amongst Christians, only the Catholics believe in this of merit.
Divine
(chúa trời, Thần thánh)
God the Father
Jesus, his son
The Holy spirit

Mary Mother of God


The saints (good people, now dead)
Human
The Pope (giáo hoàng)
( An infallible human. He cannot make mistakes)


Archbishops (Tổng giám mục)


Bishops (Giám mục)


Priests (Linh mục)


Ordinary people

Catholics pray to God and Jesus, or they pray to Mary and saints to talk to God for them. The people is at the top of the human hierarchy. He is the spiritual leader and very close to God. Everything he says about religion is given him by God, and he cannot be wrong.
Ordinary people have direct contact with their Priest, who is closer to God than they are. He must be unmarried so that he can devote himself to God and to the ordinary people works with. If they sin, they must go to Confession (xưng tội) and tell the Priest what they have done . The priest can get forgiveness for them from God, and will give them a penance (ăn năn), something they must do, a particular prayer, for example.
Catholics also believe there is a place between Heaven and Hell, called Purgatory (Nơi chuộc tội). If you are wicked, you will go straight to Hell, and if you are very good, you will go straight to Heaven, but most people go to Purgatory where they spend time praying for their sins before they are allowed to go to Heaven. Catholics can pray for the souls of people in Purgatory, to make their time easier.
The Catholics Church is strongly against abortion (phá thai) and contraception (ngừa thai), thinking that the use of either is a sin, as it goes against God’s purpose of giving Life. They encourage their members to have big families, and to bring them up to be good Catholics. In Britain, if you meet someone from a big family, they are usually Catholics.
There is far more ritual and ceremony in the Catholic Church than in Protestantism. The priests have special clothes, and the churches are full of statues to Mary and the Saint. They have special prayers and songs, and use incense.
In Britain now about 10% the population is Catholic, though in towns such as Liverpool and Glasgow, where there have been a lot of Irish immigrants, this is higher. The Republic of Ireland is still very strongly catholic. This religions difference between the two countries has caused many problems in the past, and continues to do in Northern Ireland, where the Catholics want to be part of the Republic of Ireland, and the Protestants want to remain part of Britain.
2. Protestantism (Đạo tin Lành)
Protestantism is one of the major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation (sự cứu rỗi linh hồn), justification (biện hộ), and ecclesiology.
The doctrines of the various Protestant denominations vary, but most include justification by grace through faith alone, known as Soda Fide, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the ultimate authority in matters of faith and order, known as soda Scripture, which is Latin for "by scripture alone".
In the 16th century, the followers of Martin Luther established the evangelical (Lutheran) churches of Germany and Scandinavia. Reformed churches in Switzerland and France were established by John Calvin and other reformers such as Huldrych Zwingli.
There are now many different Protestant religions, but they all came from the same ideas. In the 16th century, in Germany, a Catholics monk called Martin Luther began to question what Catholics believed that wasn’t in his bible. The Catholics Church at this time was very corrupt with ((ngu dốt) priests exploiting the faith of their followers to make money. A lot of people agreed with Luther, and he and his followers became known as Protestants, so called because they protested.
All Protestants reject the following ideas:
The importance of Mary and the saints
The Pope
The idea of hierarchy
Confession and penance
Purgatory
Protestants don’t believe in a hierarchy. They believe that God and the Trinity is above all mankind, and all men are equal in the eyes of God. A priest is the same as everybody else; he simply has special training to help him teach others. Mary and the saints are simply good people, with no power. We cannot pay for our sins by any action on each or in purgatory, we can only get forgiveness by talking directly to God and asking for it.
Catholics priest cannot marry, but in the Protestant church they should marry. Protestants also use contraception and so have much smaller families.
Martin Luther
John Calvin
Crucifix
Church outside the British
There are differences between Roman Catholicism and Protestant.
Anglican church
Because Henry VIII wasn’t really a Protestant and didn’t change the church much, the Church of England today still has some of the structures of the Catholic Church, and many of the same rituals. They have this structure.
God


The Queen
( The Archbishop of Canterbury)
Bishops
Clergymen
All the humans are no closer to God than ordinary people. The Queen is simply symbolic (biểu tượng). The archbishop is the spiritual head, but certainly can make mistakes.
Henry (1491-1547)
The Church has no real political power at all, but archbishops and Bishops sit in the House of Lords.
It is difficult to calculate how many members of the Church of England there are in Britain because many people never go to church; something like 70% of the population of England would describe themselves as Church of England if asked.
IV/ The church of Scotland ( Giáo hội Scotland)
(Presbyterianism)

The church of Scotland is further away from Catholicism. They have less Ritual than the C of E (Council of Europe), and they don’t believe in Bishops, but the people elect their leaders. The Church of England is based on the ideas of Luther, but the Church of Scotland is based on the teachings of Calvin, a Swiss theologian with a far darker view. The Church of Scotland seems a hard and comfortless religion comparatively. Presbyterians believe in Predestination, which means that God has deeded your fate even before you were born.
There are many other Protestant faiths, the most important of which are.
The Methodist Church. This grew out of Anglicanism, but they wanted to move further away from the influence of the Catholic Church.
The Baptist Church, who disagree with Anglican methods of Baptism. Most Christian churches sprinkle (rác) water on the heads of babies to make them part of the church. The Baptists submerge adults in water, as Jesus did.
The Salvation Army (Đội quân cứu tế) who are interested in an active and practical saving of souls.

Presbyterian Church
V/ Other religions in the United Kingdom
Basically, Britain is Christian. Other religions occupy only 3% of the population. These are the biggest other religious groups.
Judaism.
The religion of the Jews in the Old Testament of the Bible, out of which Christianity grew. The Jews are an ethnic groups as well as a religion. They have lived in Britain for hundreds of years.
Singers Hill
synagogue, Birmingham,
Eng land
2. Islam
The Jews, the Christians and Islam share the same idea of God. In Judaism and Islam, they are still waiting for his son to come to earth. The Christians believe that this has happed – with Jesus. Immigrants to Britain from Protestant and the Arabic countries brought this religion with them.
Shah Jahan Mosque
The Neasden Temple
3. Hinduism
Hinduism is a religion with multiple gods, brought over with immigrants from India.
Kagya Samye Ling Monastery and Tibetan centre in Scotland
4. Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion largely brought over with Chinese immigrants.
Question :
Choose the best answers.
The End !
Thank you for your listening !