Unit 15.
space conquest
Grade 11
PART A. READING
Work with a partner
Who is the first man to fly into space?
Can you name the first humans to set foot on the moon?
Who is the first Vietnamese to fly into space?
1. Who is the first human to fly into space?
The first human to fly into space is Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin.
2. Can you name the first humans to set foot on the moon?
The first human to set foot on the moon are Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin.
3. Who is the first Vietnamese to fly into space?

The first Vietnamese to fly into space is Pham Tuan
Vocabulary
Space (n) /speɪs/ không gian
Conquest (n) /ˈkɒŋkwest/ sự chinh phục
+ Conquer (v) /ˈkɒŋ.kər/ chinh phục
+ Conquerable (adj) /ˈkɒŋ.kər.ə.bəl/ có thể chinh phục
Lift off /ˈlift-ɒf/ phóng lên = launch /lɔːntʃ/
Orbit (n) /ˈɔːbɪt/ quỹ đạo
Cosmonaut (n) /ˈkɒzmənɔːt/ nhà du hành vũ trụ = astronaut
spacecraft (n) /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/ tàu vũ trụ
Weightlessness (n) /ˈweɪtləsnəs/ không trọng lượng
Uncertainty (n) /ʌnˈsɜːtnti/ trạng thái ko chắc chắn
Psychological /saikəˈlɒdʒikl/ thuộc về mặt tâm lý
Venture (n) /ˈventʃə(r)/ rủi ro = risk
Feat (n) /fiːt/ chiến tích = achievement
Crash (n) /kræʃ/ vụ đâm, rơi
1. At 9.07 a.m. Moscow time on 12th April, 1961, Yuri Gagarin lifted off into space aboard the Vostok 1. Approximately 12 minutes later, the first human being was in orbit around the Earth at a speed of more than 17,000 miles per hour. His flight lasted 108 minutes.
2. The 27-year-old Soviet cosmonaut became the first person to eat and drink in weightlessness. From his window in space, Gagarin was able to view the earth in a way that no human beings had done before. The first words spoken from space were: “I see the Earth. It’s so beautiful!"
3. Before Gagarin’s historic flight, there were still enormous uncertainties. No one knew precisely what would happen to a human being in space. How would the body react to the extreme changes in temperature? How would the mind deal with the psychological tension? If there was a technical failure, Gagarin might never get back to the Earth.
4. The success of Gagarin’s flight attracted worldwide attention and made him a hero. In a telegram to Moscow, U.S. President John F. Kennedy wrote, “The people of the United States share with the people of the Soviet Union their satisfaction for the safe flight of the astronaut in man`s first venture into space. We congratulate you and the Soviet scientists and engineers who made this feat possible. ...”
5. Gagarin could have made another space flight if a tragic accident had not occurred. He died in a plane crash on a routine training flight in March 1968. After his death, his hometown of Gzhatsk was renamed Gagarin, and the Cosmonaut Training Centre at Star City, Russia, was given the name of this national hero.
While you read
Paragraph 1 A. The tragic accident
Paragraph 2 B. The lift-off
Paragraph 3 C. Congratulations
Paragraph 4 D. A view on Earth
Paragraph 5 E. Uncertainties
P1 – B P2 – D
P3 – E P4 – C
P5 - A
Task 1. Match the headings to the paragraphs.
Task 2. Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. How old was Gagarin when he became the first human being in space?
=> He was 27 years old.
2. How long was he in space?
=> He was in space for 108 minutes.
3. What questions were raised before Gasarin`s space flight?
=> They were what would happen to a human being in space or how the body would react to the extreme changes in temperature or how the mind would deal with the psycholigical tension.
4. What was the speed of his spacecraft in orbit around the Earth?
=> It was more than 17,000 miles per hour.
5. Why couldn`t Gagarin make a new space flight?
=> Because he died in a plane crash on a routine training flight in March 1968.
6. What was done after Gagarin`s death to honour this national hero?
=> After his death, his hometown of Gzhatsk was renamed Gagarin, and the Cosmonaut Trainins Center at Star City, Russia, was given the name of this national hero.
After you read
On 12th April, 1961, Yuri Gagarin, a Russian (1)……… became the first human being (2)………… Although his flight(3)…….... Only 108 minutes, its (4)………. Made him a national hero. He also became the first person to eat and drink in zero (5)………..., and he was able to (6)…….… the earth in a way that no one had done before. Unfortunately, a plan crash in March 1968 made Gagarin’s desire of visiting space(7)……………….…. After his death, his hometown and the Cosmonaut Training Centre at Star City, Russia was (8) ……….….him.
impossible
success
named after
view
lasted
in space
gravity
cosmonaut
HOMEWORK
Learn by heart vocabularies related to space conquest.
Do the other questions in task 2.
Translate after you read.
Prepare speaking part.
Homework
PART B+C+D
Vocabulary:
1. Biography (n) /baɪˈɒɡrəfi/ Tiểu sử
2. Career (n) /kəˈrɪə(r)/ sự nghiệp
3. Bachelor (of Science) /ˈbætʃələ(r)/ cử nhân
4. Master (of Science) /ˈmɑːstə(r)/ thạc sỹ
5. Ph.D (Doctor of Philosophy) tiến sĩ
6. Appoint (n) /əˈpɔɪnt/ bổ nhiệm
7. Leap (n) /liːp/ bước nhảy
8. Investigate (n) /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/ điều tra
9. Resign (n) /rɪˈzaɪn/ thôi việc
manned (adj) /mænd/ có người lái
Carry out (v) /ˈkæri aʊt/ thực hiện
Artificial (adj) /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ nhân tạo = man-made / fake
Satellite (n) /ˈsætəlaɪt/ vệ tinh
mark (v) /mɑːrk/ đánh dấu
milestone (n) /ˈmaɪlstəʊn/ dấu mốc
project (n) /ˈprɒdʒekt/ dự án
Congress / `kɔηgres/ hội nghị = conference 
NASA /`næsə/ Cơ quan Hàng không và Vũ trụ Hoa Kỳ
(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
Suitcase (n) /`sju:tkeis/ va li
Spacesuit (n) /ˈspeɪssuːt/ bộ quần áo vũ trụ
Mission (n) /’mi∫n/ nhiệm vụ
Challenge (v/n) /’t∫ælindʒ/ (v,n) thử thách
experiment (n) / iks`periment/ thí nghiệm
surface /`sə:fis/ bề mặt
Portable /`pɔ:təbl/ có thể mang theo
Remind (v) /ri`maind/ nhắc nhở
Reminder (n) /ri`maində/ vật làm nhớ lại
I. Pre-writing
Useful language
1. be known as: He is known as the first person to set foot on the moon’s surface.
2. work as: He worked as an astronaut.
3. be famous for: He was famous for his saying.
4. receive… from: He received a Bachelor from VNU.
5. resign from: He resigned from his company.
6. from…to… (from 1980 to 1990)
7. On + date ( On 5th April)
8. In + a particular year: (In 1991)
I. Pre-writing
What are needed to write a biography?
biography
Name
Place of birth
Nationality
Famous for
Career
Date of birth
I. Pre-writing
Put each of the heading in the appropriate blanks


Neil Armstrong (American Astronaut)
(1)__________5th August, 1930
(2)__________Wapokoneta, Ohio
(3)__________the first person to walk on the Moon
(4)__________1949-1952: pilot in United State Navy
1955: receive a B.S
1962: join NASA astronaut program
1970: receive his M.S
(5)__________ “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”
Quote known as date of birth place of birth career
Date of birth
Place of birth
Known as
Career
Quote
II. While-writing
Pair works. Answer the questions:
1. Who is Neil Armstrong?
2. When and where was he born?
3. What did he do from 1949 to 1952?
4. When did he received a B.S?
5. Which program did he join in 1962?
6. On which day did he became the first human to step on the moon’s surface?
He is an American astronaut.
He was born on 5th August, 1930 in Ohio.
He was a pilot in the United State Navy.
He received a B.S from Purdue University in 1955.
He joined NASA astronaut program.
He became the first human to step on the moon surface on 20th July, 1969.
II. While-writing
Write a biography about Neil Armstrong based on the information from Task 1
You may begin with:
Neil Armstrong is a famous American astronaut. He is known as…
Sample
Neil Armstrong is an American astronaut. He is known as the first person to walk on the Moon. He was born on August 5th, 1930 in Wapokota in Ohio. From 1949 to 1952, he worked as a pilot in the United States Navy. He received his B.S from Perdue University in 1955. He joined the NASA astronaut program in 1962. Armstrong became the first human to step on the moon’s surface on July 20th, 1969. he received his M.S from the University of Southern California in 1970. In 1971 he resigned from NASA and from 1971 to 1979, he taught at the University of Cincinnati. In 1986 he was appointed as the vice chairman of the committee that investigated the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster. He is also famous for his saying when he stepped on the Moon: “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”.
III. Post-writing
Check your writing
1. Spelling
2. Grammar structures
Past Simple: S+V(ed)
3. Prepositions: in/on
4. Repetition
Unit 15
Space Conquest
English 11
E. Language Focus
Activity 1: Listen and repeat
Activity 2: Practice reading the dialogue
Grammar
S+ could + V(bare-inf)
S+ was/were able to + V(bare-inf)
1.1. Could
a. Đôi khi "could" là dạng quá khứ của "can". Chúng ta dùng "could" đặc biệt với: see, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember, understand,…
b. Chúng ta dùng could để diễn tả ai đó nói chung có khả năng hay được phép làm điều gì
c. Chúng ta dùng could để chỉ khả năng nói chung
1.2. Be able to
a. Dùng để chỉ khả năng làm được một việc gì đó, đôi khi có thể sử dụng thay thế cho "can", nhưng không thông dụng bằng "can"
Ví dụ: I`m able to read. = I can read.
b. Dùng để đề cập tới một sự việc xảy ra trong một tình huống đặc biệt (particular situation), chúng ta dùng was/were able to… (không dùng could):
Ví dụ:
The fire spread throughthe building quickly but everybody was able to escape.
Grammar
SUMMARISE:
*IN THE PAST
Abilities or skills
Negative sentence

With sense verbs ( hear, see, watch, notice, smell, taste, remember, understand,…)

Have obstacles

could & was/ were able to
could
was/ were able to
Tag Questions
Definition: is a short question at the end of a statement.
Ex: Mary is from Chicago, isn’t she?

tag question
A positive statement
A negative question tag
You are a student, aren’t you?
A positive question tag
A negative statement
She didn’t go out, did she?
Special cases
I AM => AREN’T I
I AM NOT => ARE I
Ex: I am a student, aren’t I?
I am not a worker, are I?
Special cases
Let’s go to the supermarket !
Let’s dance !
Let’s learn together !
, shall we?
, shall we?
, shall we?
Let’s … , shall we?
Special cases
Dance with me !
Don’t talk to me ever again !
, won’t you ?
, will you?
IMPERATIVE
Positive (+) : won’t you
Negative (-) : will you
Special cases
NEGATIVE WORDS (seldom, never, hardly, neither, none, rarely,…)
Positive verb + subject
He had no idea about last night story,
She hardly cleans her room,
You have never tried Chinese food before,
did he?
does she?
have you?
Special cases
nobody, somebody, everybody, no one, someone, everyone, these, those…
THEY
Subject:
Nobody can do this exercise, can they?
Everyone came to the party, didn’t they?
Someone tells you about the secret, don’t they?
Special cases
nothing, something, everything, this, that…
IT
Subject:
Nothing will change your love, will it?
Everything has a price, isn’t it?
Something was wrong, wasn’t it?
Write the suitable question tags to make complete sentences. 
You’ve seen that film,
I’m not disturbing you,
People will travel in solar-powered cars in the future,
You have never been to Europe,
The package has already arrived,
I think everyone’s going to be there,
Don’t stay up late at night,
haven’t you?
are I?
won’t they ?
have you?
hasn’t it?
aren’t they?
will you?
Add question tags to the following statements.
1. He hardly ever makes a mistake, ___________?
2. Nobody liked the play, ___________?
3. The area was evacuated at once, ___________?
4. I`m too late, _________?
5. This won`t take long, _________?
6. Let`s go out for dinner tonight, ________?
7. Neither of them offered to help you, _________?
does he
did they
wasn’t it
aren’t I
will it
shall we
did they