Unit 11: SOURCES OF ENERGY
E. LANGUAGE FOCUS
Look at the pictures and read these words loudly.
spring
shrimps
split
I. Pronunciation
1. Listen and repeat
2. Practise reading these sentences
1. They were all shrieking with laughter.

2. He shrugged (his shoulders), saying he didn`t know and didn`t care.

3. My dad hates shrimp paste.

4. What a splendid spring day!

5. The stream splits into three smaller streams at this point.

6. The house has a narrow front, but it splays out at the back.
II. Grammar
The scientists who are researching the causes of the cancer are making progress.
who are
researching
 researching
 The scientists researching the causes of the cancer are making progress.
1. Form 1
Noun (N) + Relative pronouns +

Noun
V
?
+
-ing


The man to John is my brother.


who spoke
who
spoke
speaking

The man speaking to John is my brother.
Look at the examples below

The Sport Games in India in 1951 was the first Asian Games.


which was held
which
held
 The Sport Games held in India in 1951 was the first Asian Games.
was
which was sponsored
They work in a hospital by the government .
which
was
 They work in a hospital sponsored by the government.
sponsored
2. Form 2
Noun (N) + Relative pronouns + Be +

Noun
V(PII)
?
+

Yuri Gagarin was the first man into space.
who flew
who
flew
to fly

Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.
3. Form 3
The first + Noun (N) + Relative pronouns + V
second
last
The first + Noun
second
last
V
?
+
(inf)
to-
Notes
The first + N + Relative pronouns + be + V(PII)
second
last
The first + N
second
last
V
?
+
(PII)
to be +
that is sold 
This is the last cake that is sold today.
to be sold
This is the last cake to be sold today.
Look at the example below
Note: We often use a to- infinitive after an ordinal number ( first, second . .,) , after “next, last, only,” and superlative.
III. Practice
1. The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.
 The boy playing the piano is Ben.
2. Do you know the woman who is coming towards us?
 Do you know the woman coming towards us?
3. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
 The people waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
4. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
 The fence surrounding our house is made of wood.
5. We have an apartment which overlooks the park.
 We have an apartment overlooking the park.
1. EXERCISE 1: N + RP + V . ? N + V-ing .
1. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
 The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
2. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
 I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
3. They live in a house that was built in 1890.
 They live in a house built in 1890.
4. The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary
 The photographs published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
5. The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.
 The experiment conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.

2. EXERCISE 2: N + RP + be + V(PII)…  N + V(PII)…
3. EXERCISE 3:
The first/second/…+ N + to V/ to be + V(PII)…
John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
 John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain.
2. The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
 The last person to leave the room must turn off the light.
3. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith.
 The first person (for us) to see is Mr. Smith.
4. This is the second person who was killed in that way.
 This is the second person to be killed in that way.
5. The first person who catches the ball will be the winner
 The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.
III. Further - practice
1.Who`s the girl that is waiting outside?
A. to wait B. waiting C. waited
2. Don`t let me be the last who knows your decision.
A. to know B. knowing C. known
3. The man who was caught by the police last night was a notorious criminal.
A. to catch B. catching C. caught
4. The man who saved me from the lake was very brave.
A. to save B. saving C. saved
5. Hamlet is a tragedy which was written by Shakespeare.
A. to write B. written C. writing
6. The next train which leaves the station is to London.
A. left B. leaving C. to leave
1. Choose the best answer
4
3
1
2
LUCKY NUMBER
Game:
5
6
This is the first novel to be written by Jack.
1. This is the first novel that is written by Jack.
6
7
8
9
5
4
3
2
0
1
10
Time is over
Congratulation!
lucky number
The house built in 1999 is very old
2. The house which was built in 1999 is very old.
6
7
8
9
5
4
3
2
0
1
10
Time is over
The man phoning you last night was my brother.
3. The man who phoned you last night was my brother.
6
7
8
9
5
4
3
2
0
1
10
Time is over
Congratulation!
lucky number
Mary is the last person to come to the party
4. Mary is the last person who came to the party.
6
7
8
9
5
4
3
2
0
1
10
Time is over
- Prepare speaking.
- Learn by heart the
new words

Homework:
Thank you for your attention