UNIT 5: WONDERS OF VIET NAM
CLOSER LOOK 2
ENGLISH 9
1 a Read part of the conversation. Pay attention to the underlined part. (p53)
Veronica: Great, thanks. What’s the best way to get around?
Mi: It’s probably best to use rickshaws. It’s said that they’re quicker and cheaper than taxis.
Grammar:
THE IMPERSONAL PASSIVE (Cấu trúc vô nhân xưng)
It + be + past participle (that) + S + V ……
Can you find another example of the impersonal passive in the conversation?
Ex: It is believed that Dau Pagoda is the oldest pagoda in Vietnam. 
Ex: It is known that Ha Long Bay is one of the world`s new seven natural wonders. 
Câu bị động khách quan có cấu trúc bắt đầu bằng "It"... và thường được dùng để diễn tả ý kiến của người khác. Chúng ta thường thấy câu bị động khách quan trong các bản tin hay văn trần thuật.

Câu bị động khách quan thường chứa các động từ tường thuật như: say (nói), think (nghĩ), believe (tin), know (biết), hope (hi vọng), expect (kì vọng), report (báo cáo), understand (hiểu), claim (nhận định, cho là), consider (xem như), v.v.
(ta không rõ ai là người nói ra thông tin này, do vậy câu có tính khách quan hơn.)
1b When do we use the impersonal passive? Can you think of any rules? (p53)
We use the impersonal passive to express other people’s opinions. It can be used with reporting verbs, including say, think, believe, know, hope, expect, report, understand, claim, etc.
.
2. Complete the sentences using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. The first one has been completed for you. (p53)
1. It is known that Ha Long Bay was recognised as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1994. (know)
2. ________________ the best time to visit the complex of Hue Monuments is in April. (believe)
3. ________________ thousands of visitors come to enjoy breathtaking views of Ha Long Bay every year. (report)
4. ________________ Phong Nha – Ke Bang can be compared to a huge geological museum. (claim)
5. ___________________ Binh Dai Fortress was designed to control movement on the Perfumed River. (understand)
6. __________________ the government will have measures to protect and preserve our man-made wonders. (expect)
It is believed that
It is reported that
It is claimed that
It is understood that
It is expected that
3. Here are some things we hear about Po Nagar Cham Towers. Write sentences about it using the impersonal passive. (p53)
1. Po Nagar Cham Towers were built in the 8th century by the Cham people in central Viet Nam.
2. The Cham people built Po Nagar Cham temple complex to honour Yang Ino Po Nagar, mother of the kingdom.
3. The Po Nagar Cham Towers were built on the site of an earlier wooden temple, which was burned by the Javanese in A.D. 774.

4. Po Nagar Kalan is the main tower, which is one of the tallest Cham structures.
5. A sculpture of the goddess Mahishasuramardini may be found above the entrance to the main temple.
6. In the 17th century, the Viet people took over the temple tower, calling it Thien Y Thanh Mau Tower.
It is claimed that Po Nagar Cham Towers were built in the 8th century by the Cham people in central Viet Nam.
It is thought that in the 17th century, the Viet people took over the temple tower, calling it Thien Y Thanh Mau Tower.
It is said that the Cham people built Po Nagar Cham temple complex to honour Yang Ino Po Nagar,mother of the kingdom.
It is believed that the Po Nagar Cham Towers were built on the site of an earlier wooden temple which was burned by the Javanese in A.D. 774.
It is understood that the Po Nagar Kalan is the main tower, which is one of the tallest Cham structures.
It is known that a sculpture of the goddess Mahishasuramardini may be found above the entrance to the main temple.
Present active:
People believe that Mr Brown owns a lot of land in the north.
 Present personal passive construction:
Mr Brown is believed to own a lot of land in the north.

Future active:
people expect that a new law will be introduced next year.
 Future personal passive construction:
A new law is expected to be introduced next year.

Past active:
People believed that Mr Brown owned a lot of land in the north.
They thought that the prisoners had escaped.

 Past personal passive construction:
- Mr Brown was believed to have owned a lot of land in the north.
- The prisoners were thought to have escaped.
4 a. Read part of the conversation. Pay attention to the underlined part. (page 54)
Veronica: My father suggests we should go by air.
Mi: That’s too expensive! I suggest going by train.


• •
S + suggest + (that) + S + (should) + V. (bare infinitive)
S + suggest + V.ing ……
We use suggest + V-ing / clause with should to tell someone our ideas about what they should do, where they should go, etc.
REMEMBER!
Example:
- Her mother suggested going to see the doctor.
- The government suggested closing a number of primary schools.
- The professor suggested that the students should read a number of books before the exam.
We can also use suggest + V-ing /clause with should to report someone’s ideas about what someone else should do, or what they should do themselves.
5. Write answers to the following questions using suggest + V-ing/clause with should and the prompts in brackets. Then practise them with your partner. The fi rst one has been completed for you. (page 54)
1. A: Have you thought of recycling?
B: I suggest recycling things such as bags, cans,and bottles (recycle things such as bags,cans, and bottles).

2. A: What should we do to protect and preserve our man-made wonders?
B: I suggest _________________________________________________________________________.
(the government/ limit/the number of visitors/every day).
3. A: What should we do to conserve forests?
B: _____________________________________________________________.
(control/deforestation)
4. A: What should we do to protect valuable things in pagodas and temples?
B: _______________________________________________________________.
(put/these valuable things/ in high-security places).
5. A: What should we do to restore our aging man-made wonders?
B: _______________________________________________________________.
(raise/money).
6. A: What should we do to prevent global warming?
B: ________________________________________________________________.
(reduce/smoke/exhaust fumes).
I suggest the government should limit / limiting the number of visitors every day.
I suggest we should control/controlling the deforestation
I suggest we should put/putting these valuable things in high-security places
I suggest we should raise / raising some money
I suggest we should reduce/reducing smoke and exhaust fumes
6 a. Work in pairs. Tell your partners what they should do in the following situations, using suggest + V-ing/clause with should. (page 54)

Your bicycle has been stolen.
You have lost your way in the city centre.
You have left your workbook at home.
Your laptop isn’t working.
You have forgotten to bring your wallet when going shopping.

Example:
A: Oh no! My bicycle has been stolen. What should I do now?
B: I suggest calling the police./ I suggest you should call the police.
6b. Now report your partner’s ideas to another partner. (page 54)

Your bicycle has been stolen.
You have lost your way in the city centre.
You have left your workbook at home.
Your laptop isn’t working.
You have forgotten to bring your wallet when going shopping.

Example:
I asked B what I should do when my bicycle had been stolen.
He suggested calling the police / I should call the police.
Choose the best answer:
1. It ………that China dug up the ocean floor to build artificial islands.
A. says    B. said    C. would be said     D.is said
2. ……….. that the temple was built on the current site of Thien Tru in the 15th century.
A. It is think B. It was thought C. It is believe D. It thought
3. The public suggested that the factories ………. with waste treatment system.
A. would equip B. would be equipped C. should equip D. should be equipped
4. The local government suggested ……. a road through the Nam Cat Tien National Park.
A. build B.to build C. building D. being built
5. It …………that some foreigners had collected rubbish on Cat Ba Beach.
A. reported B. was reported C. could report D. had been reported
6. The most important thing is that we ……… foreign tourists come back to Viet Nam again .
A. cause B. should cause C. will make D. should make
7. People think that Da Nang is the most liveable city in Vietnam.
A. It is thought that Da Nang is the most liveable city in Vietnam.
B. Da Nang is thought to be the most liveable city in Vietnam.
C. Da Nang is thought to have been the most liveable city in Vietnam.
D. A & B are correct.
is said the monument is over 100 years old.
is said the to be over 100 years old.
is expected that the president will resign (từ chức).
is expected to resign.
was reported that seven people had been injured in the fire
was reported to have been injured in the fire
is believed that the climate is changing.
is believed to be changing.
is known that he has been in prison.
is known to have been in prison.
was said that Peter had stolen several cars.
was said to have stolen several cars.