NONG LAM UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
WRITING SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE
Instructor: Mr. Le Minh Ha
Group 7 :
Do Thi My Duyen – 11128125
Le Thi Hong Diem - 11128010
Nguyen Thi Tuong Vi - 11159004
Nguyen Thi Minh Khoa - 11128046
Vu Thi Ky Duyen - 11128021
Nguyen Phi Yen Nhi- 11128076
Nguyen Thi Huong Lan- 11128051
OUTLINE:
The advantages of writing and the differences between Writing and Speech.
Types of Writing
The brief history of Writing
Skewing between orthography and pronunciation
Developing writing system in newly literate societies


I/ The advantages of writing and the differences between Writing and Speech:
Student’s name : DO THI MY DUYEN
Student’s code : 11128125
THE ADVANTAGES OF WRITING
Written message is relatively permanent.
Written message can be kept and consulted at any future time.
Facts and ideas committed to writing can be preserved without being a burden on memory.
Written messages can be read by any number of people at different times and places.
The vast store of knowledge and culture is preserved in writing.

B.THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WRITING AND SPEECH

WRITING
SPEECH

Writing is usually permanent and written texts cannot usually be changed once they have been printed/written out.
A written text can communicate across time and space for as long as the particular language and writing system is still understood.
Written language tends to be more complex and intricate than speech with longer sentences and many subordinate clauses. The punctuation and layout of written texts also have no spoken equivalent. However some forms of written language, such as instant messages and email, are closer to spoken language.
Writers receive no immediate feedback from their readers, except in computer-based communication. Therefore they cannot rely on context to clarify things so there is more need to explain things clearly and unambiguously than in speech, except in written correspondence between people who know one another well.
Writers can make use of punctuation, headings, layout, colours and other graphical effects in their written texts. Such things are not available in speech.
Written material can be read repeatedly and closely analysed, and notes can be made on the writing surface.
Some grammatical constructions are only used in writing, as are some kinds of vocabulary, such as some complex chemical and legal terms.


Speech is usually transient, unless recorded, and speakers can correct themselves and change their utterances as they go along.
Speech is usually used for immediate interactions.




Spoken language tends to be full of repetitions, incomplete sentences, corrections and interruptions, with the exception of formal speeches and other scripted forms of speech, such as news reports and scripts for plays and films.


Speech is usually a dynamic interaction between two or more people. Context and shared knowledge play a major role, so it is possible to leave much unsaid or indirectly implied.





Speech can use timing, tone, volume, and timbre to add emotional context.



Only recorded speech can be used in this way.


Some types of vocabulary are used only or mainly in speech. These include slang expressions, and tags like y`know, like, etc.




References :
Introduction to linguistics
://www.omniglot.com/writing/writingvspeech.
II/ TYPES OF WRITING:

There are three main types of writing system :
Word writing(where every symbol or character represents a word or morpheme, as in Chinese),
Syllable writing(where each symbol represents a syllable, as in Japanese)
Alphabetic writing(where each symbol represents one phoneme, as in English).


Word Writing:
Student’s name : Le Thi Hong Diem
Student’s code : 11128010

Word Writing:
System of writing in which each character represents a word or morpheme of the language.( Sometimes called ideographic or logographic writing.).

Advantages.
spelling permits speakers whose dialects have diverged to communicate through writing, as is best exemplifiedin China, where the ‘dealects’ are mutually unitelligible.
each symbol or character stands for a word, it has no phonetic value except by virtue of the fact that the word it stands for has a characteristic pronunciation.
read and understand the language as it was written centuries ago. It was written tortoise shells.
the spelling often reflects speakers’ morphological and phonological knowledge.

Disadvantages:

Read and write involves much more time and effort than with other kinds of writing systems.
Can not figure out how to write a word, or what a character stands for, by mean of any fixed relationship between symbols and sound.
The thousands of characters of a word-writing system present for purpose of writing .


Syllabic (syllable-writing ) :
Student’s name : Nguyen Thi Tuong Vi
Student’s code : 11159004

Definition: each symbol represents a single syllabic or syllable type.
For example: the word macaroni
If English were written syllabically, the macaroni would be written with