Conclusion Example in
a Term Paper
HUFLIT

Conclusion
The generalization/summary
The achieved objectives
The limitations
The recommendations/suggestions

Topic: A SURVEY ON CONVERSION OF PARTS OF SPEECH
IN ENGLISH
VOCABULARY

LITERATURE:

RECOGNIZING

NEW

CHAPTER VI. CONCLUSION
6.1. Summary of the study
Conversion of parts of speech is a process in which a word is assigned
to a new part of speech with little or no change in form, contributing
to the process of enriching vocabulary in English. Therefore, it is no
exaggeration to say that the conversion's ability to create new
vocabulary is productive. Accordingly, many researchers have agreed
that there are two major types of conversion, namely total and partial
conversion. In this study, the authors hence decided to survey the
ability to form new vocabulary items (which is called “productivity” in
the paper) between these two types by using English literature
materials. From that, the factors to produce new lexical items were
investigated to establish helpful criteria for English learners to
recognize words formed by these two types of conversion. Those
suggested criteria could play a supporting role in learners' process of
learning English as well as mastering memorising and creating new
words.

6.2. Achieved objectives
Aiming to achieve the research's purposes, in this paper, the
authors did solve two problems that they posed, including
surveying the productivity of the two types of conversion and
proposing some criteria helping learners recognize new vocabulary.
For the first matter, it is clear to say that there are more cases of
forming new words in the partial conversion type than in the total
one since new vocabulary items in the partial case are 13 times
higher than those of the total one. For the second question, the
authors did build up some criteria that help learners recognize new
vocabulary items when encountering conversion words, which
mainly focuses on the aspects of syntax and semantics.
Furthermore, four tables were made to show the meaning of the
affixes found in the survey. Some phonological and hyphen-related
rules have also been given to help recognize new vocabulary items
as well as their meanings when there are partial conversion words.

6.3. Limitations and suggestions
The study is only a small contribution to the study of the conversion
process in English by investigating its productivity to suggest useful
criteria for English learners. In other words, there will be many other
cases of the conversion phenomenon that have not been found in this
survey and some different word groups within the scope of this
research paper will not be able to cover all of them. To be specific,
there were two considerable limitations in the study as the authors
could notice. First, this work only focused on investigating content
words, not functional words. Second, the scope of this investigation
was not so wide as the authors just surveyed six areas (not all the
topics mentioned in the two famous newspapers - BBC and CNN).
Thus, based on these above-mentioned limited fields of research, it is
highly recommended to concentrate on functional words when
studying the conversion of parts of speech. Likewise, it is also
important to cover more areas, fields, or sectors to investigate the
conversion phenomenon in English literature.

Topic: SOME SUGGESTED TREATMENTS FOR GRADE
12 STUDENTS' ERRORS IN VERB TENSES

CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION
6.1. Summary
Learners cannot acquire their language if they don't
create their knowledge themselves. Von Humboldt
stated: “As long as 1836 (theidea is not a new
one!)language cannot actually be taught it may appear
at firstsight that it can.It can only be aroused in the
mind and be given the thread withwhich to develop
itself.” In the progress of creating personal experiences
or knowledge, learners make errors unintentionally and
inevitably. For a better learning of learners, teachers
should not adopt a negative attitude towards errors;
instead of that, they should tolerate and find
appropriate treatments for learners' errors.

Moreover, not only is error analysis an important
part of applied linguistics but it is also an essential
means of exploring and improving how learners gain
their knowledge. For instance, errors analysis helps
teachers understand the students' difficulties in
learning, study the causes of their errors, and take
effective measures to correct the errors. There are
many studies that support this concept; however,
putting the theory into practice is still uncommon to
teachers.
This paper aims at providing and evaluating some
treatments for 12 grade students' errors on verb
tenses.

6.2. Achieved objectives
Firstly, in evaluating this research, it is possible to
find a couple of strong points. One occurs when the author
suggested some treatments appropriate for errors of 12
grade students. Not until treatments have been applied to
teaching is error analysis proved to be useful. That is, we
cannot see how effective the suggested treatments with a
lack of understanding about errors. The result of this
research indicates that the students in the experimental
class gain significantly better achievement than those in the
controlled class. For instance, in terms of students getting
under 5 marks, the percentages of class 12A2 is nearly
twice as high as ones in 12A14. In contrast, the percentages
of students getting over 7 marks in 12A2 is less than ones in
12A14 over one to ten (12%).

 Another strong point is that not only do students
get better result in test for verb tenses but they are
also motivated thanks to suggested treatments for
errors on verb tenses. There is no student having
negative when being treated by these ways. Also,
class atmosphere is lightened when treatments set
students as center. In other words, students do the
job themselves or ask for help from their friends. All
things considered, it seems reasonable to assume
that both students' understanding and attitude
towards errors level up when the teacher apply
suggested treatments for them.

6.3. Limitations and suggestions for further
research
It has been found that the major limitation this study
encounters is time constrain. The author has only 8
weeks which is a short time to collect information,
to absorb findings, to synthesize knowledge,
investigate students in the controlled class and the
experimental class, to apply suggested treatments
then evaluate them. Also, the result was achieved
from only 2 classes at Bui Thi Xuan high school;
therefore, variables in students'level may have
influence on the validity of the result.

It is recommended that researchers carry out the
study with longer-term research designed for
improving the validity of the result. In addition, it is
worth mentioning that this study investigated just
some of many treatments for errors on verb tenses;
hence, there are other treatments which should be
concerned and evaluated in the future.

Good luck!