SENTENCE
* Distinguish kinds of sent. according to the structure;
1. Simple sentence: 1 main finite V, dog barks;
2. Compound sent: 2 or more independent clauses.
Ex: The T is strict but he’s merciful.
3. Complex sent: one principal clause and 1 or more sub-clauses)
Ex: if I had enough money, I would buy a house.
4. Mix sent: 1 made up of 2 or more coordinate parts, any of which may be either a simple orcomplex sent.
Ex: u maybe pardoned if u don’t do ur homework, but u may not when u talk too much in the class.
* The use may have:
1. Assertive or declarity: The sun shines in the sky.
2. Interrogative: Do u believe me?
3. Imperative: Oh! To be young again.
4. Optative: Long live the president! (a wish or desire)
5. Exclamatory: What an awful day! (express feeling or emotion)
CLAUSE
A sentence does not make complete sense itself, or a group of words forms part of a sentence and contains a finite V
-> According to the meaning Clause may be Principal or Main, Sub or Dependent and Independent.
+ A principle Clause: can stand alone and make a complete sense by itself.
+ A sub: can’t stand alone and whose meaning depends on the principal clause.
+ An Independent: is a clause whose meaning doesn’t depend on some others clause in the same sent. Join 2 another clauses by a coordinating conj. These clauses are of equal range.
Ex: The man whom I met yesterday is my uncle (main)
* Kinds of SUB clause: 3 kinds: N, A and ADV.
1. N clause: doingthe role of a N,tell about the doer or receiver.
Ex: what is black can’t be white.
This is where I was born.
2. A clause: doing the role of an A. telling more about a N(Pronoun)
Ex: This is a table to read (which I bought yesterday).
3. Adv clasue: doing the role of an Adv telling more about V and answer :how, where, when an action is done.
Ex: I prepare my homework when I’m at home.
The tourists can visit where they like.
* Distinguish an A from Adv clause:
1. She can go where she wants. (ADV equivalent)
2. This is place where we met before. (A equivalent)
2a. I bought a motorbike which is very expensive (A_)
1a. U can do what u like. (ADV_)

SEMANTICS EXERCISES

What is the word that cause ambiguity in each case? What type of ambiguity is that?
There r 2 kinds of ambiguity: lexical and structural ambiguity.
A. Lexical:
6/ The captain corrected the list.
7/ The long drill is boring.
4/ Doctor when I go to bed I wake up every 30 minutes. Are you a light sleep? – no, I sleep in the dark.
10/ We like the ball.
11/ They passed the port at night.
12/ He was knocked by the punch.
13/ They were waiting at the bank.
15/ I saw her duck/ I saw her slip.
18/ My fiancée is reserved.
19/ Is he really that kind?
29/ How long will be the next bus? About six meters.
34. if we get engaged to be married, will you give me a ring? Sure, what’s your number?
35. I’m a wonderful housekeeper. Every time I get divorced, I keep the house.
37. It’s not true I had nothing on. I had the radio on. ( Marylyn Monroe)
42. Patient: Doctor ! Doctor! I think I’m getting smaller.
Doctor: Well, u’ll just have to learn to be a little patient.
46. T: In this box, I have a 10-foot snake.(= length)
Sammy: U can’t fool me…snakes don’t have 10 feet. (= part of the body)
47. The comedian Dick Gregory tells of walking up to a lunch counter in Mississippi during the days of racial segregation. The waitress said to him: “ We don’t serve color people” , “That’s fine” he replied “ I don’t eat colored people. I like a piece of chicken”
54. What would u do if u were in my shoes? Polish them!
52. Well, son how was ur 1st day at the new school?
Great! The teacher is going to give me a gift. – How do u know that?
- Well, when I arrived, she pointed me to a chair in the corner and said: “ Sit over there for the present”
62/ Why did u park