Welcome to our class today!
Teacher in charge of:
Huynh Van Giang
ENGLISH 11
Unit 11
Sources of Energy

PERIOD: 5
LANGUAGE FOCUS
------
1
3
2
Peach flowers are greeting………
The stream…… …into two branches
……....is my favorite seafood
Shrimp
splits
spring
GAP FILLING
Fill in each blank with one relevant word to each picture.
Teaching PRONUNCIATION

1. Peach flowers are greeting spring /spr/.
2. Shrimp /∫r/ is my favourite seafood.
3. The stream splits /spl/ into two smaller branches.
Teaching PRONUNCIATION
LISTEN AND REPEAT
I. PRONUNCIATION
 Pronunciation 
1. They were all shrieking with laughter.
2. He shrugged (his shoulders), saying he didn’t know and didn’t care.
3. My dad hates shrimp paste.
4. What a splendid spring day!
5. The stream splits into three smaller streams at this point.
6. The house has a narrow front, but it splays out at the back.
PRACTICE READING THESE SENTENCES
Teaching GRAMMAR
II. GRAMMAR

RELATIVE CLAUSES

REPLACED BY

PARTICIPLES AND TO INFINITIVES

Teaching GRAMMAR
REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES

E.g.1: The girl is Lan’s sister. She is playing with her dog.
=> The girl who is playing with the dog is Lan’s sister.
-> The girl playing with the dog is Lan’s sister.

E.g.2 The man who spoke to John is my brother.
who spoke  speaking
The man speaking to John is my brother.


FORMULA 1
N + relative pronoun (RP) + active V …

N + V-ing …
1. Active participles/ Present participle
Note: We can use a present participle
to replace a relative clause
which has an active meaning.
Teaching GRAMMAR
Relative clauses replaced by participles and to infinitives
E.g.3 The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy.
 The students punished by the teachers are lazy.
who were punished  punished
E.g.4 John Kenedy was the U.S.A president who was assassinated in 1963.
 John Kenedy was the U.S.A president assassinated in 1963.
who was assassinated  assassinated
FORMULA 2
N + (RP) + be + V3/ed (passive V)

N + V3/ed …
2. Passive participles
Note: We can use a past participle
to replace a relative
which has a passive meaning.
E.g.5 Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.
 Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.
the first…who flew  the first…to fly
E.g.6 This is the last cake that is sold today.
 This is the last cake to be sold today.
the last…that is sold  the last…to be sold
FORMULA 3
The first/second/…(N) + (RP) + V…
The first/second/…(N) + to V/ to be V3/ed …(V-passive)





3. Infinitive relative clauses
Notes:
-We can use a to-infinitive
to replace a relative clause.
-We often use a to-infinitive
after an ordinal number (the first, second…)
after next and last, after, only,
and after superlative adjectives.
Teaching GRAMMAR
Relative clauses replaced by participles and to infinitives
The first/second….
last, superlative
SUMMARY
EXERCISE 1:Using active participle to rewrite these sentences.


N + WH + active V …
 N + V-ing …
1. The boy who is playing the volleyball is Tom.
 The boy playing the volleyball is Tom.
2. Do you know the man who broke the windows last night?
 Do you know the man breaking towards us?
3. The street which leads to the school is very narrow.
 The street leading to the school is very narrow.
4. The candidates who are sitting for the exam are all from Canada.
 The candidates sitting for the exam are all from Canada.
5. Customers who complain about the service should meet the manager.
 Customers complaining about the service should meet the manager.
6. We have a villa which overlooks the sea.
 We have a villa overlooking the sea.
The first/second/…(+ N) + WH + V…
The first/second/…(+ N) + to V/ to be V3/ed…(V-passive)

1. New Zealand was the first country which gave women the vote.
2. The Times was the only newspaper which appear that day.
3. The last student who was interviewed was John.
4. He was the only person who saw the difficulty.
5. Jim was the first boy who reached the top of mountain.
KEYS
1.  New Zealand was the first country to give women the vote.
2.  The Times was the only newspaper to appear that day.
3.  The last student to be interviewed was John.
4.  He was the only person to see the difficulty.
5.  Jim was the first boy to reach the top of mountain.
EXERCISE 2:Using infinitive relative clauses to rewrite these sentences.


EXERCISE 3: In each sentence choose the best option which can suitably replace the underlined relative clause.

ANSWERS: 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A
1.Who’s the girl that is waiting outside?
A. to wait B. waiting C. waited
2. Don’t let me be the last who knows your decision.
A. to know B. knowing C. known
3. The man who was caught by the police last night was a notorious criminal.
A. to catch B. catching C. caught
4. The man who saved me from the lake was very brave.
A. to save B. saving C. saved
5. Hamlet is a tragedy which was written by Shakespeare.
A. to write B. written C. writing
6. The next train which leaves the station is to London.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left
EXERCISE 4: Reduce these sentences by using participles or to infinitives


1. Have you read the book that was written by Nguyen Du?
2. The road which connects Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called Number 1.
3. This is the second novel which was written by this famous writer.
4. The man who sat next to me on the train looked gentle.
5. The steam engine which was invented by James Watt opened a new period in human development history.
6. I knew then that I was not the first person who came as I saw smoke rising from the chimney of the house.
KEYS

1. Have you read the book written by Nguyen Du?
2. The road connecting Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called Number 1.
3. This is the second novel to be written by this famous writer.
4. The man sitting next to me on the train looked gentle.
5. The steam engine invented by James Watt opened a new period in human development history.
6. I knew then that I was not the first person to come as I saw smoke rising from the chimney of the house.
Teaching LANGUAGE FOCUS

HOMEWORK
+ practise reading the words and the sentences again at least twice at home.

+ do the three exercises into the notebooks.

+ prepare the next lesson unit 12.
Have a good study!