Unit 2. SCHOOL TALKS
language focus
I. Pronunciation: /^/ - /a:/
II. Grammar
I. Pronunciation
I. Pronunciation
II. Grammar
Wh – question
(when, where, why, who, whose, what, which, how)


E.g. 1. What do you like doing at school/
2. Why do you dislike wearing uniforms at school?


E.g. Who killed her?

Wh + TĐT + S + V + O ?
Wh + V + O ?
II. Grammar
Gerund & To infinitive
1. Gerund
Some common verbs followed by gerunds:
Admit, deny, avoid, enjoy, keep, finish, consider, suggest, imagine, mind, pratise

E.g. He avoided answering my question.
He admitted stealing the car.



? Some common verbs - preposition combinations followed by gerunds:
Approve of: chấp thuận
Complain about: than phiền về
Concentrate on: tập trung
Decide on: quyết định về
Give up: từ bỏ
Go on: tiếp tục


Insist on: khăng khăng
Keep on: tiếp tục
Object to: phản đối
Put off: hoãn lại
Rely on: trông cậy vào
Succeed in: thành công
Look forward to: trông mong
E.g. She decided on changing her job.
I am looking forward to receiving your letter.
He wants to give up smoking but he cannot.

? Some common adjectives - preposition combinations followed by gerunds:
Accustomed to: quen với
Afraid of: sợ
Ashamed of: xấu hổ
Good/ Bad at: giỏi/ kém (tồi)
Bored with: chán
Excited about: phấn chấn
(Be) used to: quen với

Fond of: thích
Interested in: quan tâm, thích thú
Keen on: say mê
Tired from: mệt mỏi về
Tired of: chán
(In) capable of: (không) có khả năng

E.g. I am used to getting up early now.
He is tired from working hard.
She gets bored with doing the same thing everyday.
? Some adjectives followed by gerunds:
Busy + V-ing: bận làm việc gì
E.g. She is busy writing letters.
Worth + V-ing: đáng làm gì
E.g. He felt that his life was no longer worth living.
Risky + V-ing: liều lĩnh làm việc gì
E.g. It`s always risky leaving your car out on the street overnight.
? Some expressions using gerunds:
 Can’t help + V-ing: Kh«ng thÓ nhÞn ®­îc
E.g. I tried to be serious but I couldn’t help laughing
 Can’t stand
+ V-ing: Kh«ng thÓ chÞu ®­îc
Can’t bear
E.g. I can’t stand eating vegetables everyday.
Can’t risk + V-ing: Kh«ng thÓ liÒu lµm viÖc g×
E.g. I must drive more carefully, I can’t risk getting another speeding ticket.
 It is no good/ no use + V-ing: Ch¼ng cã t¸c dông ®Ó lµm viÖc g× ®ã.
E.g. It is no good persuading him to lend you some money.

2. To infinitive
Some common verbs followed by To-infinitives:




E.g. - He promised to buy her a house and a car if she agreed to marry him, but she refused to marry him because she wanted to have a villa and a plane.
- As it was late, he decided to take a taxi home.

Agree offer hope seem
Refuse manage plan pretend + (not) to-inf
Promise fail arrange want
Decide demand expect ask
2. To infinitive
Some common verbs followed by To-infinitives:




E.g. I asked to see the manager.
I asked Tom to help me.
He would like to come.
He would like me to come.


Want would like/ would prefer to-inf
Ask mean +
Expect help sb + (not) to-inf
2. To infinitive
Some common verbs followed by To-infinitives:






E.g. Remind me to phone Ann tomorrow.
Who taught you (how) to drive?

Tell force invite
Advise warn order
+ sb + (not) + to-inf
Encourage remind persuade
Permit allow teach (how)

? Some structures using To-infinitives:


E.g. - It is very difficult to remember all the history events.
- I was quite surprised to see him in such untidy appearance.



E.g. - The case is too heavy for me to carry.
- He spoke too fast for us to understand.
It/ S + be + adj + To-inf
Too + adj/ adv + (for sb) + To-inf
? Some structures using To-infinitives:

E.g. - She isn`t old enough to get married.
- He spoke slowly enough for us to understand.


E.g. - I have a lot of work to do now.
- I don`t have enough money to buy a laptop.


E.g. - He is always the first (person) to come into the class.
- He was the only to survive in the plane crash.


Adj/ adv + enough + To-inf
Have + (enough) N + To-inf
The first/ second/ only/ last + (n) + To-inf
? Some common verbs followed by both gerunds and To-inf:





Thường để ở danh động từ đối với những động từ hành động
Đối với những động từ diễn đạt sự hiểu biết (realize/ understand/ know/ recognize) thì để ở động từ nguyên thể.
E.g. - He began working when he was only 14.
- When we began to recognize the problem, it was too late.
Begin To-inf
Start
+ : Bắt đầu/ Ngừng làm việc gì
Continue
Cease (ngừng) V-ing
? Some common verbs followed by both gerunds and To-inf:



E.g. - I hate  running in the morning.
 to run this morning.



E.g. - I didn’t remember to lock the door, so I must go home and lock it.
- I remember meeting him once, but I can’t remember where and when.

Like V-ing: chỉ sự yêu/ ghét chung chung
Hate +
Love To-inf: chỉ sự yêu/ ghét cụ thể
Regret V-ing: Đã làm gì
Remember +
Forget To-inf: Để làm gì
? Some common verbs followed by both gerunds and To-inf:



E.g. - He looked up to greet me, then he went on reading.
- After doing his homework, he went on to write a poem.



E.g. - She has stopped going out with him.
- I stopped to ask the direction.
V-ing: Tiếp tục làm việc đang làm dở.
Go on +
To-inf: Thay đổi việc làm.
V-ing: Ngừng, thôi làm cái gì
Stop +
To-inf: Dừng lại để làm cái
? Some common verbs followed by both gerunds and To-inf:



E.g. - He tried taking her hand but she gave him a slap on the face at once.
- He tried to persuade her but he failed.



E.g. - I didn’t mean to hurt her.
- He was determined to win her heart even if it meant taking her to work everyday.

V-ing: Thử làm cái gì
Try +
To-inf: Cố gắng làm cái gì
V-ing: Có nghĩa
Mean +
To-inf: Có ý định