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E.g:The roses that you gave me are beautiful.
Unit 15: Cities
Lesson 5: Language focus
Pronunciation
*. Listen and repeat.
/0/ (1) /�/ (2)
think thin they then
thought something those another
mouth birthday clothes brother

* Practise the sentences.
1. I thought Mr. Smith was thirty-three.
2.But next Thursday will be his thirtieth birthday.
3.Something about him makes me think he is like my brother.
4. The roses that you gave him are beautiful.
5. Look at the clothes on that thin man over there!
/1/
/1/
/ 1 /
/1/
/1/
/1/
/1/
/1/
/1/
/1/
/2/
/2/
/2/
/2/
/2/
/1/
/2/
/2/
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Non-defining and defining relative clauses.
E.g:New York Harbour, which is ice-free in all seasons, is one of the largest and finest harbours in the world.
E.g:New York Harbour is one of the largest and finest harbours in the world.
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Non-defining and defining relative clauses.
1. Non-defining relative clause (Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định).
Đứng sau một danh từ đã được xác định.
Chỉ bổ xung thêm nghĩa cho từ đứng trước nó.
Đứng giữa hai dấu phẩy.
Note: Không dùng "THAT" thay thế cho "WHICH" , "WHO" và "WHOM" trong mệnh đề không xác định.
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Non-defining and defining relative clauses.
E.g: Mrs Hang who worked here last month has gone away.
Mệnh đề "who worked here last month" là mệnh đề xác định.
2. Defining relative clause ( Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định).
* Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định là một mệnh đề cần phải có để xác định cho từ đứng trước nó.
Exercise 1. Underline the relative clauses in these sentences, and indicate if they are defining (D) or non-defining (ND). Add a comma where reqiured.
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Non-defining and defining relative clauses.
E.g: 1. Washington D.C. which is located on the East Coast of the United States has many interesting and historical places to visit.
1. Washington D.C, which is located on the East Coast of the United States, has many interesting and historical places to visit.

2. Brasilia which is located on the Granad¸
River became the capital of Brazil in 1960.
Exercise 1. Underline the relative clauses in these sentences, and indicate if they are defining (D) or non-defining (ND). Add a comma where reqiured.
3.Mexico City which has a population of nearly 20,000,000 is the largest metropolitan area in the world.
4.Seoul which hosted the 1988 Summer Olympics is well-known for its shopping centres.
5. Kyoto which used to be the capital of Japan has many temples.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
*Connecting contrasting ideas: Although
Example:
New York is not the capital of the USA. It is the home of the United Nations.

- Although New York is not the capital of the USA, it is the home of the United Nations.
Form: Although + clause, Main clause.
*Connecting contrasting ideas: Although
E.g: Although it rained, we went out with my friend.


Meaning: in spite of the fact that
Use: We use this conjunction to contrast ideas.
E.g: Although it rained, but we went out with my friend.


(Wrong)
Note: Don’t use “although” together with “but”
Exercise 2: Combine the following sentences using although.
1. There is not much to do in the countryside. I prefer living in the countryside.
1. Although there is not much to do in the countryside, I prefer living in the countryside.
2.There is a lot of pollution in Los Angeles. It is an ideal place to live.
3. The shops are crowded. People are not buying much.
2. Although there is a lot of pollution in Los Angeles, it is an ideal place to live.
3. Although the shops are crowded, people are not buying much.
4. The city is a favourite tourist destination for many people. It has its problems.
5. It is a safe neighbourhood. It is best to be careful.
5. Although it is a safe neighbourhood, it is best to be careful.
4. Although the city is a favourite tourist destination for many people, it has its problems.
Do the exercises on notebook again.

Prepare for unit 16.
Part A: Reading