Unit 8: Our World Heritage Sites
Lesson 2: Language 1
Homework check
Join the quizizz game
heritage
dynasties
excavations
intact
relics
complex
archaeological
Cultural
natural
attraction
preservation
Recently, archaelogists have (1) ______________ the field and found the wooden stake field, believe to have been used in the legendary “Battle of Bach Dang” in 1288. The (2)________________ site site is located in Cao Quy rice field in Lien Khe Commune, Thuy Nguyen District, Hai Phong City. Scientists have assumed that the Cao Quy stake ground was part of the Bach Dang battlefield the third time the Tran (3)____________ fought the Mongol invaders. 27 stakes dating back to the 13th century and 24 ironwood poles have been (4)_____________ by (5)______________. The discovery of the Cao Quy stake ground helps (6)__________ exactly defines the purpose of this venue during the battle. However, previous (7)_________ research showed that it is used for training soldiers and setting up the stakes. Because of its highly (8)__________ value, Hai Phong City’s Department of Culture and Sports is preparing to recognize the Cao Quy stake ground as a special national (9)______ that need prudent (10)_________.
excavated
archaeological
dynasty
excavated
archaeologists
historians
historical
historical
relic
presevation
1
Q1. Do you think university degree is the only way that leads to successs?
Yes/No Q
Unit 6
Q2. What is your plan for the weekend?
Q3. Do you prefer a weekday or the weekend?
2
Choice Q
Unit 8
Wh Q
Unit 7
3
Introduction to choice/alternative question
Alternative 1, OR alternative 2
- Each of alternative is usually stressed
- Use for suggestion, limit the answer
- The questions are answered either by one of the options, or neither, not with Yes/No
Example
Q: Would you like to visit Hue or Hoi An?
A: I prefer Hue
Task 1: Listen to these exchange and notice the intonation pattern
of the question
Introduction to choice/alternative question
Alternative 1, OR alternative 2
Shall we go to the Citadel of Ho Dynasty or do you want to see another site?
Alternative 1, alternative 2, OR alternative 3
Which one would you like to visit Ha Long Bay, PN-KB National Park, or Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex?
Task 2: Practise with your partner
GRAMMAR
Các phương pháp lược bỏ mệnh đề quan hệ
EX1: The man who is sitting next to you is my uncle
MĐQH (Xác định)
Dạng chủ động
=> The man sitting next to you is my uncle

Who is sitting
=
sitting
Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ động (active), ta dùng Ving thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trợ động từ, đưa động từ chính về nguyên mẫu rồi thêm đuôi -ING)
ĐTQH + V thì =Ving

LT
1:Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể được rút gọn bằng cách dùng present participle phrase ( V-ing)
Ex2: Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night?

CHỦ ĐỘNG (QKĐ)
= V-ing = breaking
=> Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night?

Ex 3: The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
CHỦ ĐỘNG (HTĐ)
= V-ing = surrounding
=> The fence surrounding our house is made of wood.

Ex 4: Do you know the woman who was coming towards us at 10 a.m yesterday?

Chủ động (QKTD)
= V-ing = coming
=> Do you know the woman coming towards us at 10….?
MĐQH(Xác định)
Dạng bị động
Which were written
= written
Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động (passive), ta dùng past participle phrase thay cho mệnh đề đó (bỏ đại từ quan hệ và trợ động từ, đưa động từ chính về dạng V-ed hoặc cột 3) : ĐTQH + be + Vp2=Vp2
LT
2:Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể được rút gọn bằng cách dùng past participle phrase ( V-ed / Cột 3)
EX1: The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting.
=> The books written by To Hoai are interesting.

EX2: The students who were punished by teacher are lazy.

Bị động (QKĐ)
= V-ed/ Cột 3 = punished
=> The students punished by teacher are lazy

EX3: The house which is being built now belongs to Mr. Brown

Bị động (HTTD)
= V-ed / Cột 3= built
=> The house built now belongs to Mr. Brown

Ex4: I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
Bị động ( HTĐ)
= V-ed / Cột 3 = located
=> I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
MĐQH
Số thứ tự
Who enters
= to enter
LT
EX1: Tom is the last person who enters the room.
=> Tom is the last person to enter the room

3/ Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể được rút gọn bằng to-infinitive hoặc infinitive phrase (có dạng for +O+ to-inf):

Trong trường hợp đúng trước MĐQH có các từ the first , the second, the last,the only….. so sánh nhất (superlative), mục đích (purpose)……… ta có thể rút gọn MĐQH bằng TO + V
EX2: John is the youngest person who takes part in the race.

EX3: English is an important language which we have to master



EX4: Here is the form that you must fill in


=> Here is the form for you to fill in

SS hơn nhất
To take
2 chủ ngữ khác nhau = for sb + to V
Có Here đầu câu thay bằng CT:For sb + to V
For you to fill
For us to master
English is an important language for us to master
* Lưu ý: Trong phần to_V này cần nhớ 2 điều sau:
a. Nếu chủ ngữ của hai mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm for sb trước to_V.
Ví dụ:
I have so many cards that Linda can take to send to her friends.
→ I have so many cards for Linda to take to send to her friends.
(Tôi có vài tấm thiệp cho Linda để cô ấy đem tặng bạn.)
b. Nếu chủ ngữ đó là đại từ bất định có nghĩa chung chung như: we, you, everyone.... thì có thể lược bỏ.
Ví dụ:I come up with some ideas that we can discuss.
→ I come up with some ideas to discuss. (Tôi nảy ra vài ý tưởng để thảo luận.)

c. Nếu trước đại từ quan hệ có giới từ thì phải để giới từ cuối câu.
Ví dụ:
I had a garden that he could play in.
→ I had a garden for him to play in.
(Tôi có một khu vườn để anh ta có thể chơi trong đó.)
Grammar:
MĐQH được rút gọn bằng:
V-ing : Khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ là chủ động
Vpp: Khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ là bị động
To V: Khi Có các từ xác đinh ; the last, the first, the second, the next,.. So sánh nhất, Mục đích.
1/ MĐQH (CHỦ ĐỘNG)  TO-INF
2/MĐQH(BỊ ĐỘNG)  TO BE V(3/-ed)
Exercise 1: page 33, Textbook
Exercise 2: Page 33, Textbook
Rewrite the sentences replacing the relative clauses with participle or to- infinitive clauses:
1.Some of the relics that were found at the archaeological site of the central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long belong to the Ly Dynasty.
=> Some of the relics found at the archaeological site of the central Sector of the Emperial Citadel of Thang Long belong to the Ly Dynasty.
2. The Japanese Bridge that was built in the early 1600s became a main tourist attraction in Hoi An.
=>The Japanese Bridge built in the early 1600s became a main tourist attraction in Hoi An.
3. Tourists should avoid purchasing unusual relics that were illegally removed from protected heritage sites.
=>Tourists should avoid purchasing unusual relics illegally removed from protected heritage sites.
6. Trang An Scenic Landcape Complex is the 8th World Heritage Site in Viet Nam that has been recognised by UNESCO.
Exercise 2: Page 33, Textbook
4. He was the last emperor who ruled both parts of the empire.
=> He was the last emperor to rule both parts of the empire.
5. We visited an ancient house that overlooks the Thu Bon River in Hoi An.
=>We visited an ancient house overlooking the Thu Bon River in Hoi An.
=> Trang An Scenic Landcape Complex is the 8th World Heritage Site in Viet Nam to be recognised by UNESCO.
Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The best way ____ London is by taking a guided tour.
of which to see B. to see
C. seeing D. in which you see
2. The Complex of Hue Monuments was the first site in Viet Nam ____ to the World Heritage List.
adding B. to add
C. to be added D. added
3. Situated on Cam Khe Hill, Tomb of Minh Mang is one of the most interesting royal tombs ____ in Hue.
to visit B. visited
C. visiting D. being visited
4. Scientists ____ on the site found many ancient tools, tombs and pottery, and made some important archaeological discoveries.
worked B. working
C. to work D. to be working
5. I think China will be the next country ____ the Olympic Games.
who host B. hosting
C. to host D. hosted
6. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex is the 8th World Heritage in Viet Nam ____ by UNESCO.
to be recognised B. to recognise
C. recognising D. recognised
7. Tourists ____ the train from London to Stratford have to change at Coventry.
take B. taking
C. to take D. who takes
Here are some of the things ………when visiting a heritage site.
to avoid B. avoiding
C. avoided D. avoid
9. Have you visited the pagodas ____ on Tran Phu Street in Hoi An?
to lie B. lying
C. lain D. lie
10. The boy ____ in the accident was taken to hospital.
injuring B. being injured
C. have injured D. injured
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using present participle, past participle or to-infinitive.
1.The man who is talking to John is from Korea.
> ……………………………………………………………………..
2. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
> …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Ann is the woman who is responsible for preparing the budget.
>…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
The man talking to John is from Korea.
The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
Ann is the woman responsible for preparing the budget.
4. The books that are on that shelf are mine.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. The children who attend that school receive a good education.
>………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have made important discoveries.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The books on that shelf are mine.
The children attending that school receive a good education.
The psychologists studying the nature of sleep have made important discoveries.
7. The sunlight which comes through the window wakes me up early every morning.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. John Quincy Adams, who was born on July 11th 1767, was the sixth president of the United States.
> …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

9. These are the ancient houses which were built a long time ago.
>…......................................................................................................
The sunlight coming through the window wakes me up early every morning.
These are the ancient houses built a long time ago.
John Quincy Adams, born on July 11th 1767, was the sixth president of the United States.
II. Homework
Do the exercises

2. Prepare Reading Lesson.
THANK YOU