List verbs and nouns
as many as possible
Game:
Round1
The winner will get 10 points,
the other will get 5 points
Unit 9
PRESERVING THE ENVIRONMENT
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary
LANGUAGE


pollute greenhouse effect
deforestation depletion fossil fuels
global warming preserve damage

Activity 1. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary
1. To.....................is to keep and protect something from damage, change or waste.
2. …....................is the removal or cutting down of all trees in an area for urban use and farm lands.
3. ………….are non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fuel oil and natural gas formed from dead plants and animals underground.
4. To…………is to make air, water, or soil dirty or unclean.
Activity 1. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
preserve
Deforestation
Fossil fuel
pollute
LANGUAGE
Vocabulary
5. The.................................occurs when the earth’s atmosphere traps certain gases such as carbon dioxide as well as water vapour. This makes the earth’s surface warmer.
6. …..............................is the gradual increase of temperature on the earth’s surface due to greenhouse effect.
7. ………….is the using up or reducing something like energy or resources.
8. …………is harm or injury that makes something less valuable or able to function.
Activity 1. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
greenhouse effect
Global warming
Depletion
Damage
Activity 2
Complete the table with the words from the box.
protect
preservation
contaminate
deforest
pollute
deplete
consumption
NOUN

Formation


Position

NOUN

A noun is the subject of a verb or it is the object of a verb.


Ex:
- Deforestation has effected the habitat of many species.


- We should protect the environment

subject
object

Noun follows a preposition


Ex:
- Protect yourselves from germs.

NOUN

Position


- Noise pollution can cause stress and health problems for humans.


Position

NOUN
Noun follows:
- An article: a/an, the - between : The...of
- Possessive: your, my., - Adjective: nice, modern..
- Quatifier: some, a lot of..

Ex: - Most of the polluted air results from the burning of fossil fuel.
Note: We should notice the Singular or plural noun.
Verb

Formation

It can be formed with endings like
ate: activate, investigate, eliminate...
ize/ise: apologize, criticise,...
en: widen, lengthen,..
Ex: look, see, hear, notice, listen, communicate......
Verb
Position
Verb can directly follow
A subject pronoun: The editor asked me to write a letter.
The particle To +Vo
Modal verbs: Can, Will, Must…+ Vo.
Note: We should notice the Tense of Verb in the sentence
Word
formation
Noun
Verb
position
formation
ion, ment, ance,
ness, ity, er/or.
ise,
ate
after preposition,
article, Adjective,
possesive, qualifier
after To,
Subject pronoun
modal verb
formation
position
!Note:
Activity 3
Complete the sentences with the nouns or verbs in 2.
Change the word forms, if necessary. Each word is used once.
consumption
consume
preserve
preservation
Activity 3
Complete the sentences with the nouns or verbs in 2.
Change the word forms, if necessary. Each word is used once.
polluted
pollution
Contamination
contaminate
Activity 1
The words in the box are three-syllable NOUNS. Listen and repeat.
Can you add two more, using the words from the vocabulary section 3?

article animal editor
influence pollution scientist
solution chemical confusion protection
energy
atmosphere
Pronunciation
Activity 2

Listen and put a mark (’) before the stressed syllable in each word.
article influence energy solution
newsletter pollution protection atmosphere
editor confusion scientist chemical
’
’
’
’
’
’
’
’
’
’
’
’
Do you know?
The syllable before –tion, -sion, -ic, -ment is usually stressed.
Example: po’llution, ’chemical, con’fusion..
Do you know?
The 3rd syllable from the end of word that ends with “y” is usually stressed.
Example: ’energy, ac’tivity….
GRAMMAR
Reported speech
Activity 1
Examples
Reported speech
we can use Reported speech to repeat what people have previously said.
1. She said. “I’m going to visit New York next month”.
→ She said (that) she was going to visit New York the following month.
2. The teacher asked “Do you love English?”
→ The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English.
3. She asked “Where do you live, Nam?”. 
→ She asked Nam where he lived.
4. The teacher said.“Open the book page 117, please”.  
→ The teacher asked us to open the book page 117
1. statements
2. questions
3. imperative
GRAMMAR
Reported speech
→ She said (that) she was going to visit New York the following month.
→ The teacher asked me if/whether I loved English..
1. statements
S + said + (that) S + V + …
told O (change) (change)
→ She asked Nam where he lived.
→ The teacher asked us to open the book page 117.
2. questions
3. imperative
S + V + whether / if + S + V…
2a. Y/N questions
2b. Wh- questions
S + V + WH- + S + V…
S + told/ asked + (not) to Vinf…
GRAMMAR
Reported speech
A. Some changes in reported speech
1. Changes in pronouns.
Some changes in reported speech
Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật
- I / me / my He / him / his ( nếu chủ từ “S” câu tường thuật là “he” or nam). She / her / her ( nếu chủ từ “S” câu tường thuật là “she” or nữ).

- We / us / our They / them / their

- You / you / your I / me / my (nếu tân ngữ “O” câu tường thuật là “me”)
He / him / his (nếu “O” câu tường thuật là “him” or nam)
She / her / her (nếu “O” câu tường thuật là “her” or nữ)
We / us / our ( nếu “O” câu tường thuật là “us”)
They / them / their (nếu “O” câu tường thuật là “them”
or N số nhiều)
GRAMMAR
Reported speech
2. Changes in adverbs of time and places.
Some changes in reported speech
GRAMMAR
Reported speech
3. Changes in tenses of verbs
Some changes in reported speech
GRAMMAR
Reported speech
GRAMMAR
Reported speech
Activity 2
Chang the statements into reported speech. Make any changes, if necessary.
Each member of 2 teams take turn to write their answer
(Change the sentence into Reported Speech)
on the given paper.
And stick it on the board
The fastest and most correct answer will get 1 mark.
Rule!
Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”
……………………………………...……………………
“Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter
….………………………………………………………
Ba asked Tam “How often do you wash your clothes?”
……………………………………………………….……
She asked me……..the seat………..or not
a. If / had occupied b. Whether / was occupied c. If / has been occupied d. Whether / occupied

His friend said to Peter “ I’m sad. Let me alone”
a. His friend said that I am sad and let me alone.
b. His friend said that I was sad and let me alone.
c. His friend said that he was sad and told Peter to let him alone.
d. His friend said that he was sad and if Peter to him alone.
“Were you reading this book at 8 o’clock last Sunday?” She asked Ba………………… 
“Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me
………………………………………………..……………
Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week”
…………………………………………….…………………
The captain said to them: “wait here still I come back”.
……………..…………………………………………… .
“When will your father leave Vietnam for the USA?” Phong asked Thu
…………………………………………………………….………………………………………………
She said to me: “bring me a book”.
………………………………………………………
“Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter
………………………………………
Her classmate said “Lan is the most intelligent girl in our class”
……………………………………………………………
“I couldn’t get into the house because I had lost my key”

He said he couldn’t get into the house because he had lost my key.
He said he hadn’t been able to get into the house because he had lost his key.
He said he had been able to get into the house because he had lost his key.
He said he hadn’t been able to get into the house because he lost his key.
She says she……………….the book.
already finds B. has already found
C. had already found D. would already find
I said to Nick: “Where are you going?”
I asked Nick where was he going.
B. I asked Nick where he was going.
C. I asked Nick where is he going.
D. I asked Nick where he is going.
Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend”
………………………………………………..………
“Go home,” said the teacher to us.
The teacher told us to go home
B. The teacher said us to go home
C. The teacher told us go home
D. The teacher told to us to go home
"How many people are there in your family?" She asked Lan
...........................................
He said to the girl: “don’t sit on my bed, sit on this chair”.
………………………………………………………..………
Phong said “My parents are very proud of my good marks”
………………………………………
“I’ll tell you about this tomorrow, Mary.” said Tom.
a. Tom said to Mary that he will tell her about that the next day.
b. Tom told Mary that I would tell you about that the next day.
c. Tom told Mary that he would tell her about that the next day.
d. Tom told Mary that she would tell him about that the next day.
Congratulation!
Word
formation
Noun
Verb
position
formation
ion, ment, ance,
ness, ity, er/or.
ise,
ate
after preposition,
article, Adjective,
possesive, qualifier
after To,
Subject pronoun
modal verb
formation
position
Create your own mind map
of your understanding about:
- Noun, Verb formation
- Reported speech
Exercise 1. Choose the best answer.
1. Lan said that __________________.
A. Ann buys a new car B. Ann has bought a new car.
C. Ann had bought a new car D. Ann will buy a new car
2. Peter told his friend that he _____________there the year before.
A. went B. had gone C. would go D. goes
3. __________ he didn’t like Brian.
A. Tom says B. Tom told to me C. Tom said me D. Tom told me
4. He said he would do it __________.
A. yesterday B. the following day C. the previous day D. the day before
“ I am not at home now.” Lan told her father that _______.
A. she was not at home then B. I was not at home then
C. she was not at home that D. she is not at home now
C
B
D
B
A
Exercise 2. Change these sentences into reported speech.
During a group discussion on environmental threats, …………
1. Nam said, “The environment is severely affected by pollution.”
2. Mai said to Nam, “The burning of fossil fuels results in air pollution.”
3. Peter said to his friends, “Pesticide sprays make the soil polluted.”
Yesterday, in class 10cb2, during an English period, …….
The students said to their teacher, “ We finished our exercises
a few minutes ago.”
5. The teacher said to her students, “ I will check your answers next time.”
Exercise 2. Change these sentences into reported speech.
Nam said, “The environment is severely affected by pollution.”
→ Nam said the environment was severely affected by pollution.
2. Mai said to Nam, “The burning of fossil fuels results in air pollution.”
→ Mai told Nam the burning of fossil fuels resulted in air pollution.
3. Peter said to his friends, “Pesticide sprays make the soil polluted.”
→ Peter told his friends pesticide sprays made the soil polluted.
The students said to their teacher, “ We finished our exercises a few minutes ago.”
→ The students told their teacher they had finished their exercises a few minutes before.
5. The teacher said to her students, “ I will check your answers next time.”
→ The teacher told her students she would check their answers the next time.
Exercise 3. Change the conversation into direct speech.
Nam told Peter that he would introduce Mai to him. Peter told Mai that he was pleased to meet her. Mai told Peter that she hoped Peter was enjoying his visit to the country. Peter said that he liked the friendly environment of the country .

- Nam said to Peter , “ ……………...”
Peter said to Mai , “ ………………..”
Mai told Peter, “ …………………………...”
Peter said, “ …………………..”
Exercise 3. Change the conversation into direct speech.
Nam told Peter that he would introduce Mai to him. Peter told Mai that he was pleased to meet her. Mai told Peter that she hoped he was enjoying his visit to the country. Peter said that he liked the friendly environment of the country .

- Nam said to Peter , “ I will introduce Mai to you.”
Peter said to Mai , “ I am pleased to meet you.”
Mai told Peter, “ I hope you are enjoying your visit to the country.”
Peter said, “ I like the friendly environment of the country.”
He asked her What she was up to.
He told her to hang out
She said she was in middle of her homework.
She said she was almost done.
She told him to hold on.
He said it was really hot there.
He asked if he could open a window
Reported
Speech
He asked her What she was up to.
He told her to hang out
She said she was in middle of her homework.
She said she was almost done.
She told him to hold on.
He said it was really hot there.
He asked if he could open a window
Reported
Speech
3. Changes in tenses of verbs
A. Some changes in reported speech
- HTĐ - QKĐ
Vs/es; V1 V2/ed
don’t / doesn’t Vo didn’t Vo
am / is / are was / were
- HTHT - QKHT
have / has + V3/ed had + V3/ed
- QKĐ - QKHT
V2/ed had V3/ed
didn’t Vo hadn’t V3/ed
were/was had been
- can - could
may might
will would
must Vo had to Vo
- could /would /should /used to không đổi