UNIT 7 . POLLUTION
A CLOSER LOOK 1

* WARM UP:
BRAINSTORMING

radioactive
pollution
Thermal
pollution

Air pollution

Water pollution

POLLUTION
visual
pollution

Soil pollution

Light
pollution

Noise
pollution

1. Complete the table with appropriate verbs, nouns and
adjectives:

Verb
to poison

Noun
Adjective
1.
poison
(1)------------------ poisonous

contamination
.contaminate contaminant
(2)----------------contaminated
(làm bẩn)
(chất gây bẩn)
to pollute
pollution
polluted
pollutant (4)-----------------(3)-----------------(chất gây ô nhiễm)
to die
to damage

death
(5)------------------damage

Dead

damaged
(6)------------------

2. Complete the sentences with the words from the
table in 1. You do not need to use all the words. The
first letter of each word has been provided.

oisonous
1. The p____________
chemical waste is dumped
into the river
2. Do you know what p__________
cause air pollution ?
ollutants
3. The d ead
_________ fish are floating in the water.
ontaminated .
4. Don't drink that water. It's c____________
amage
5. The acid rain has caused d____________
to the trees
in the area.
6. If we pollute
_____ the air, more peple will have breathing
problems.

Phrases of cause and effect

CAUSE ( nguyên nhân )
1. Since / because + S + V
( Vì )

- Since the water is polluted, the fish are dead.
- Because the water is polluted, the fish are dead.

2. due to / because of + Nphrase
( Vì )

- The fish are dead because of the polluted water .
- The fish are dead due to the polluted water .

EFFECT ( hậu quả)
1. so + S + V
- The water is polluted, so the fish are dead.

2. to cause sth / to lead to sth / to result in sth
- The polluted water causes/ results in the
death of the fish

3. to make sb / sth do sth
- The polluted water makes the fish die .

- birth defect
-expose to

(n): khuyết tật bẩm sinh
(v): tiếp xúc với
-be exposed to
: bị nhiễm

3. a. Decide which sentence in each pair of sentences is a cause and
which is an effect. Write C (for cause) or E (for effect) next to each
sentence. Note that the words in brackets relate to Activity 3b.

C
E
C
C

E
E
C

E
E

C

b. Combine the sentences in each pair into a new sentence that shows
a cause/ effect relationship. Use the cause or effect signal word or
phrase given in brackets. You will have to add, delete, or change
words in most sentences.

EXAMPLE:
1. Because people throw litter on the ground, many animals
eat it and become sick
2. Ships spills oil in oceans and rivers . Many aquatic animals
and plants die. (lead to)
 Oil spills from ships in oceans and rivers lead to
the death of many aquatic animals and plants.
3. Households dump waste into the river. it is polluted. (so)
 Households dump waste into the river so it is polluted.

4. Their children have birth defects. the parents were
exposed to radiation. (since)
 Since the parents were exposed to radiation, their
children have birth defects.
5. We can't see the stars at night . There is too much
light pollution.(due to)
 We can't see the stars at night due to the light
pollution.

4. Work in groups. Look at the pairs of pictures. Give as many
sentences as possible to show cause/ effect relationships.

Example
1. People cough because they breathe in the fumes
from cars.

2. The soil is polluted,
3. We won't have fresh
water to drink
4. We plant trees,

because of water
pollution.
so we can have
fresh air.
so plants can't
grow.

5. Listen and mark the stress in each word, then repeat it.

1. Artistic

6. Physical

2. Athletic

7. Heroic

3. Historic

8. Poetic

4. Historical

9. Botanic

5. Logical

10. Botanical

6. Underline the words ending in -ic and circle the words ending in -al in the
following sentences. Mark the stress in each word. Listen and check your answer,
then repeat the sentences.

• Revise the new words, exercises,
pronunciation. Make sentences with the way
to use “cause and effect” in the work
notebook.
• Complete Ex.3b
• Prepare the new lesson : A closer look 2