Warmly welcome to our class !
ENGLISH 11
Unit 11
sources of energy

PERIOD: 5
LANGUAGE FOCUS
---???---
GAP FILLING
1. Splits
2. Spring
3. Shrimp
4. Gave birth
5. Assassinate
6. Flew
Fill in each blank with one word from the box relevant to each picture.
A list of words for filling in
= to divide into
= the first season of the year
= a kind of seafood: t«m
= to found
= to be killed/murdered
 past simple form of to fly
Fill in each blank with one word from the box relevant to each picture.
GAP FILLING
a. splits
b. spring
c. shrimps
d. gave birth to
e. flew
f. assassinated
Yuri Gagarin was the first person who ……. into space.
Ho Chi Minh was the person who ……………….... the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
The stream ……..……. into two smaller branches.
…….. is my favorite seafood.
Peach flowers are greeting ……
spring
Shrimps
splits
John Kennedy was the U.S.A president who was ………………….. in 1963.
assassinated
gave birth to
flew
 ANSWERS 
I. PRONUNCIATION

II. GRAMMAR
TEACHING POINTS
Teaching PRONUNCIATION
I. PRONUNCIATION
1. Peach flowers are greeting spring
2. Shrimp is my favorite seafood.
3. The stream splits into two smaller branches.
Teaching PRONUNCIATION
LISTEN AND REPEAT
I. PRONUNCIATION
 pronunciation 
1. They were all shrieking with laughter.
2. He shrugged (his shoulders), saying he didn’t know and didn’t care.
3. My dad hates shrimp paste.
4. What a splendid spring day!
5. The stream splits into three smaller streams at this point.
6. The house has a narrow front, but it splays out at the back.
PRACTICE READING THESE SENTENCES
Teaching GRAMMAR
II. GRAMMAR

RELATIVE CLAUSES

REPLACED BY

PARTICIPLES OR TO INFINITIVE
Teaching GRAMMAR - FORMULA 1
REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES


The man to John is my brother.


who spoke
who
spoke
speaking

The man speaking to John is my brother.
STUDY THE EXAMPLE
Teaching GRAMMAR- FORMULA 1
REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
who gave
Ho Chi Minh was the person birth to the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
who
gave

giving
Ho Chi Minh was the person giving birth to the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
STUDY THESE EXAMPLES
FORMULA 1
WHO
NOUN
ACTIVE VERB
WHICH
THAT
NOUN
+ VERB -ING
VERB -ING
The practice of GRAMMAR
1. The boy who is playing the piano is Ben.
 The boy playing the piano is Ben.
2. Do you know the woman who is coming towards us?
 Do you know the woman coming towards us?
3. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
 The people waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
4. The scientists who are researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
 The scientists researching the causes of cancer are making progress.
5. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
 The fence surrounding our house is made of wood.
6. We have an apartment which overlooks the park.
 We have an apartment overlooking the park.
EXERCISE 1: N + WH + active V …  N + V-ing …
Teaching GRAMMAR - FORMULA 2
REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
STUDY THE EXAMPLE

The sport games in India in 1951 was the first Asian Games.


which was held
which
held
The man sport games held in India in 1951 was the first Asian Games.
was
Teaching GRAMMAR- FORMULA 2
REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
STUDY THESE EXAMPLES
who was assassinated
John Kennedy was the U.S.A president in 1963.
who
was
John Kennedy was the U.S.A president assassinated in 1963.
assassinated
FORMULA 2
WHO
NOUN
P.P
WHICH
THAT
NOUN
+ P.P
BE
BE
The practice of GRAMMAR: DISCUSS WITH YOUR PARTNER
1. The ideas which are presented in that book are interesting.
 The ideas presented in that book are interesting.
2. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
 I come from a city located in the southern part of the country.
3. They live in a house that was built in 1980.
 They live in a house built in 1980.
4. The photographs which were published in the newspaper were extraordinary
 The photographs published in the newspaper were extraordinary.
5. The experiment which was conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.
 The experiment conducted at the University of Chicago was successful.
6. They work in a hospital which was sponsored by the government.
 They work in a hospital sponsored by the government.
EXERCISE 2 N + WH + be + P.P……... .  N + P.P………
Teaching GRAMMAR - FORMULA 3
REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
STUDY THE EXAMPLE

Yuri Gagarin was the first man into space.
who flew
who
flew
to fly

Yuri Gagarin was the first man to fly into space.
Teaching GRAMMAR- FORMULA 3
REDUCTION FORM OF RELATIVE CLAUSES
STUDY THESE EXAMPLES
that is sold
This is the last cake today.
that
is sold

to be sold
This is the last cake to be sold today.
FORMULA 3
WHO
the first
VERB
WHICH
THAT
the first
+ TO - BARE VERB
( TO – V0 )
to - bare verb
( TO – V0 )
the second
the last
the second
the last
The practice of GRAMMAR: WORK IN PAIRS
KEYS
1.  John was the last man to reach the top of the mountain.
2.  The first person (for us) to see is Mr. Smith.
3.  The last person to leave the room must turn off the light.
4.  This is the second person to be killed in that way.
5.  The first person to catch the ball will be the winner.
EXERCISE 3: The first/second/…(+ N) + to V/ to be + P.P…
1. John was the last man who reached the top of the mountain.
2. The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
3. The first person that we must see is Mr. Smith.
4. This is the second person who was killed in that way.
5. The first person who catches the ball will be the winner.
Teaching GRAMMAR
WORK IN GROUPS


FURTHER PRACTICE
EXERCISE 1
In each sentence choose the best option which can suitably replace the underlined relative clause.
ANSWERS: 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A
1.Who’s the girl that is waiting outside?
A. to wait B. waiting C. waited
2. Don’t let me be the last who knows your decision.
A. to know B. knowing C. known
3. The man who was caught by the police last night was a notorious criminal.
A. to catch B. catching C. caught
4. The man who saved me from the lake was very brave.
A. to save B. saving C. saved
5. Hamlet is a tragedy which was written by Shakespeare.
A. to write B. to be written C. writing
6. The next train which leaves the station is to London.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left
EXERCISE 2
1. Have you read the book that was written by Nguyen Du?
2. The road which connects Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called Number 1.
3. This is the second novel which was written by this famous writer.
4. The man who sat next to me on the train looked gentle.
5. The steam engine which was invented by James Watt opened a new period in human development history.
6. I knew then that I was not the first person who came as I saw smoke rising from the chimney of the house.
Reduce these sentences by using participles or to infinitives
KEYS TO THE HANDOUTS
1. Have you read the book written by Nguyen Du?
2. The road connecting Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city is called Number 1.
3. This is the second novel to be written by this famous writer.
4. The man sitting next to me on the train looked gentle.
5. The steam engine invented by James Watt opened a new period in human development history.
6. I knew then that I was not the first person to come as I saw smoke rising from the chimney of the house.

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GOOD BYE