Teacher : Nguyễn Phước Anh Thư
Look at the pictures, then answer the questions below
Which side of the street do people in America drive?
Which side of the street do people in England drive?
Why do people in England drive on the left-hand side of the street?
Theory 1:
This custom dates back to the period when many Londoners traveled to and fro on horseback. A horse is always mounted from the left side and the custom has come into being since then
The Pope and Napoleon were responsible
Theory 2:
When the Pope came to visit Paris, the authorities decreed that the Parisians should ride or drive on the right-hand side, leaving the left-hand side clear for the movement of papal carriage.
Because of hating Napoleon, The English reversed the French custom
Men on horseback had a practice of running each other through with swords in the right hand, so they had to ride on the left-hand side.
It is better for them to slash and thrust.
Theory 3
Practice 1 Relative clauses introduced by  WHERE, WHEN, WHY 
Talking about the left-hand traffic in England

Teacher: Do people in England drive on the left?
Student: Yes, they do. There is only one place in England where it is legal to drive on the right.
Teacher: When does this custom date back to?
Student: It dates back to the period when many Londoners traveled to and fro on horseback
Teacher: It sounds nice. We have already found out the reason why they drive on the left.

Practice 1
Relative clauses introduced by
WHERE, WHEN, WHY
1. Relative clause introduced by WHERE
Ex: There is only one place in England. It is legal to drive on the right at that place.
 There is only one place in England where it is legal to drive on the right.
Relative adv clause

WHERE: Relative adverb (of place)
 Where: to replace a prepositional phrase of place.
at that place (adverbial)  at which  in which + clause  (there)

2. Relative clauses introduced by WHEN
Ex:This custom dates back to the period. Many Londoners traveled to and fro on horseback during that period.
 This custom dates back to the period when many Londoners traveled to and fro on horseback.
Relative adv clause
WHEN: Relative adverb (of time)
When: to replace a prepositional phrase of time.
during that period (adverbial)  during which
at that time at which  on that day + clause  on which
in that year  (then)

3. Relative clauses introduced by WHY
Ex: We’ve already found out the reason. They drive on the left for that reason

 We’ve already found out the reason why they drive on the left.
Relative adv clause
WHY: Relative adverb (of reason) Why: to introduce a reason and is always restrictive.

for that reason (adverbial)
for this reason
for which + clause


Relative clauses introduced by : WHERE, WHEN, WHY- There is only one place in England where it is legal to drive on the right. Where: at that place (adverbial) + clause ? Relative adv clause Where: replace a prepositional phrase of place.- This custom dates back to the period when many Londoners traveled to and fro on horseback When: during that period (adverbial) + clause ? Relative adv clause  When : replace a prepositional phrase of time.- We?ve already found out the reason why they drive on the left. Why: for that reason (adverbial) + clause ? Relative adv clause  Why: is used to introduce a reason and is always restrictive. ? WHERE, WHEN, WHY : Relative adverbs 1.����� Where 2. when 3. why: at which at which for which on which on which  in which in which  during which �
Note: Relative Pronouns
The girl who/ that came here yesterday is Mary.
S V
The boy whom / that you met yesterday is good at English
O S V
- The hat which / that she is wearing is expensive.
O S V
The man whose bicycle was stolen is a worker.
N V
Relative pronouns
- who (people) - S - whom(people ) - O
- which (thing) – S / O - whose(people) + N - S / O
- that ( people & thing): replace “who / whom / which”
III. Practice1. Insert the correct Relative pronouns or Relative adverbs.
1. That’s the room …………… the meeting was held.
2. Do you remember the time …………… telephone was invented?
3. We don’t know the reason …………he is absent from class today
4. The play …………… we saw on TV last night was very good.
5. He didn’t tell me about the hotel …………… he stayed when he came there.
6. She told the police about the time …………… she had met him.
7. You haven’t told me the reason …………you said goodbye to her
8. The boy ………………. you told me about is coming tonight
9. 1975 was the year ………… our country was completely liberated
10. I was born in Dalat …………… flowers grow well

when
why
where
which/ that
where
when
why
whom / that
when
where
2. Combine these sentences, using relative pronouns or relative adverbs
1. Tell me the countries.The traffic moves on the left-hand side there …………………………………………………….
2. The men worked very hard. I saw them at that factory.……………………………………………………..
3. I don’t know the reason. She avoids meeting me for that reason. ………………………………………………………
4. I’ll never forget the time.I first met you at that time.………………………………………………………
5. A woman is very worried. Her son has just had a car accident.……………………………………………………….
Tell me the countries where the traffic moves on the left-hand side.
The men whom / that I saw at that factory worked very hard.
I don’t know the reason why she avoids meeting me
I’ll never forget the time when I first met you.
The woman whose son has just had a car accident is very worried.
6. A girl has just come in. What’s the name of the girl? ……………………………………………………………… 7. The town is very small. I grew up in that town.………………………………………………………………8. She doesn’t want to talk about the reason. She divorced her husband for that reason.……………………………………………………………..9. I haven’t seen them since the time. They got married then. ……………………………………………………………..10. The house on the top of the hill was no more. He spent most of his life there.……………………………………………………………….
What is the name of the girl who / that has just come in?
The town where I grew up is very small.
She doesn’t want to talk about the reason why she divorced her husband.
I haven’t seen them since the time when they got married .
The house on the top of the hill where he spent his life was no more.
IV. Production: (Game: Kitty & Puppy)Choose one Relative Pronoun or Relative Adverb (at a time) to make a sentence with

1. where2. when3. why 4. whose5. whom6. which7. who8. that
1. I can’t remember the time ……………………………. 2. Do you know the reason ……………………………… 3. The man………………………..…is our new manager.4. The village ……. ………………is far from the city center.5. The address was given to me by the girl …………………6. I don’t know the place ……………………………………7. Do you know the time….……………………………….… 8. The little boy …………………is my teacher’s only child.9. The village………………………………….. is very poor.10. The reason ………………………………is unreasonable.
V. Homework
Finish the sentence by using Relative pronouns or Relative adverbs clause.
See you next time