WELCOME TO OUR CLASS
Wednesday, November 10th, 2021
REVIEW 1: Units 1-2-3
LESSON 1: LANGUAGE
Activity1. Complete the sentences.
I. VOCABULARY
urbanise
industrialise
dispose
distinguish
respect
preserve
1.The   of natural resources is essential in today`s economic and technological development.
2. Ladies and gentlemen, may I introduce our   
guest?
3.The principal of our school is a highly 
 man.
4. Rapid   may lead to a shortage of livable housing, traffic congestion, and air pollution in urban areas.
5. Proper   of harmful chemicals can prevent air and water pollution.
6. The government has proposed new measures to boost 
 in the country.
preservation
distinguished
respectable / respected
urbanisation
disposal
industrialisation
I. VOCABULARY
Activity 2. Match the words on the left with the words on the right to form compound adjectives. Then use them to complete the sentences
well
long
world
thought
off
wide
provoking
peak
term
planned
I. VOCABULARY
Activity 2. Match the words on the left with the words on the right to form compound adjectives. Then use them to complete the sentences
well-planned long-term worldwide
thought-provoking off- peak
worldwide
1. The speaker`s   presentation led to
an interesting debate on urbanisation and sustainable development.
2. We`ll pay less if we use   electricity.
3. My parents prefer living in a place with a
   infrastructure and plenty of green space.
4. If we can keep track of our carbon footprint, our green lifestyle will have   environmental benefits.
5. The story of Larry Stewart has attracted
   attention.
long-term
worldwide
thought-provoking
off-peak
well-planned
II. PRONUNCIATION
Activity 3. Listen and write the correct words in the blanks. Then practise reading the sentences.
1. My friends have done  homework. 
in the playground. Let`s go and ask them for help.
2. The local   rejected the  of the
environmental group.
3.  is the dress I bought yesterday? I`d like to   it to the party tonight.
4. He wanted his bed   every day, so he decided to hire a  .
5. I used a   ribbon to mark the pages I  .
their
They`re
council
counsel
Where
wear
made
maid
red
read
III. GRAMMAR
Activity 4. Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the verbs in the box.
1. (should) join
2. (should) complete
3. (should) come
4. (should) offer
5. (should) be provided
S + insist/ recommend/suggest/be essential/ be desirable that S + (should) V-inf
III. GRAMMAR
Activity 5. Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or past continuous.
I (1. walk)   home from school one day when
I (2. see)   an elderly woman. She (3. stand)
   on the curb of the pavement, nervously looking up and down the heavy traffic in the street. When I finally (4. come)   to where she was standing, I
(5. realise)   that she was blind. I (6. stop) 
, (7. help)   her cross the road and (8. lead)   her to her home. Later on, I (9. meet) 
 my mother, who (10. wait)   for me at the gate. She (11. say)   she (12. worry) 
about me and (13. wonder)   
why I was so late.
was walking
saw
was standing
came
realised
stopped
helped
led
met
was waiting
said
was worrying
wondered
III. GRAMMAR
Activity 6. Make compound or complex sentences, using the prompts and the words in brackets.
III. GRAMMAR
Activity 6. Make compound or complex sentences, using the prompts and the words in brackets.
1. students / keep / homes / schools / green / clean / contribute / Go Green / campaign (if)
→ If students (can) keep their homes and schools green and clean, they will contribute to the Go Green campaign.
2. burning / fossil fuels / emit / harmful gases / people / still / use / heating / cooking (but)
→The burning of fossil fuels emits harmful gases, but people still use them for heating and cooking.
3. city buses / taxis / use / noise reduction devices / run / environmentally friendly / fuels (and)
→ The city buses and taxis use noise reduction devices and run on environmentally friendly fuels.

III. GRAMMAR
Activity 6. Make compound or complex sentences, using the prompts and the words in brackets.
4. many residents / coal fires / cooking / can / seriously / pollute / air / city (which)
→ Many residents use coal fires for cooking, which can seriously pollute the air of the city.
5. they / use / corn / make / bio-fuels / may / lead / food shortages (which)
→ They use corn to make bio-fuels, which may lead to food shortages.

Tuesday, November 9th, 2021
REVIEW 1: Units 1-2-3
LESSON 2: SKILLS
I. READING
Activity 1. Read the text about the causes and effects of counter-urbanisation. 
I. READING
Activity 2. Read the text again and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F), or not given (NG), and tick the correct box. 
While urbanisation has led to fast urban growth, counter-urbanisation has resulted in the opposite situation. Counter-urbanisation happens when a great number of people move from urban areas into rural areas.
This phenomenon is linked to the ‘push` and ‘pull` factors of migration. Trying to avoid overcrowded inner cities, city dwellers look for larger, cleaner and quieter houses with more land at cheaper prices in rural or suburban areas. They want to escape the air and noise pollution, and the crime in inner cities.
However, counter-urbanisation causes serious problems in the shrinking cities. These cities face severe economic strain and a sharp increase in poverty. Despite declining populations, they still have to spend money maintaining infrastructure, such as roads, sanitation, public transport, etc., built for a much larger population.
Meanwhile, villages in the countryside become increasingly urbanised, grow fast and soon lose their uniqueness and charm. Local prices go up because city migrants have more money. They earn money from well-paid city jobs and high-valued city properties. Villagers often find it more and more difficult to earn a living and provide for their families.
Counter-urbanisation has caused many negative effects. Governments should find urgent short-term solutions before implementing a long-term comprehensive programme to make life sustainable for people in both urban and rural areas.
Activity 2. Read the text again and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F), or not given (NG), and tick the correct box. 
1.Urbanisation and counter-urbanisation are two opposite trends.
T
2.City dwellers look for houses in rural or suburban areas just because they are cheap.
F
3. Shrinking cities still face high rates of crime.
NG
4. When populations decline, cities spend less money on maintaining infrastructure.
F
5.Country villages quickly lose their unique character and charm when they become urbanised and grow fast.
T
6.Governments should offer immediate short-term solutions to make life sustainable for both urban and rural inhabitants.
F
II. SPEAKING
Activity 3. Work with a partner. Use the information in the table below or your own ideas to make a conversation about one of the historical figures.
III. LISTENING
Activity 4. Listen to the recording about wave energy. Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
1. Wave energy, produced by ocean surface waves, is both ___________.
A. friendly and efficient
B. eco-friendly and efficient
C. eco-friendly and cost-efficient
2. Using 1% of wave energy can provide the equivalent of ___________the energy consumption worldwide.
A. 50 times B. 500 times C. 5000 times
3. Building and operating wave power stations in the ocean is far ________than on land.
A. more expensive
B. more difficult
C. more expensive and difficult
4. Salt water is a very hostile environment to devices, which become ___________
and cannot last long.
A. rusty easily B. rusty slowly C. rusty
5. Progress in renewable energy technology will soon allow Viet Nam to __________
effectively and efficiently.
A. export wave energy
B. exploit wave energy
C. explore wave energy
Audio script
As you know, the burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas emit greenhouse gases. That is why environmentalists insist that we use clean, renewable energy sources. Wave energy, produced by ocean surface waves, is both eco-friendly and cost-efficient. Research has suggested that ocean wave power could make a major contribution to the world’s energy resources. Scientists claim that using 1% of wave energy can provide the equivalent of 500 times the world energy consumption. With 70% of the earth’s surface covered with water, wave energy is undoubtedly a valuable source of green energy.
However, there is the challenge of converting wave power into energy and transmitting it to shore. Building and operating wave power stations in the ocean is far more expensive and difficult than on land. Also, salt water is a very hostile environment to devices. They go rusty easily and cannot last as long as those on shore. Sea waves make energy harvesting even harder by moving up and down most of the time.
Viet Nam has a long coastline with great potential for producing wave energy. Hopefully, advancements in renewable energy technology will soon allow us to exploit wave energy effectively and efficiently.
IV. WRITING
Activity 5. Write meaningful sentences about the pros and cons of solar energy. Use the words given.
1. solar energy / come directly / sun / renewable energy source / sustainable/.
2. this type / energy / environmentally friendly / not cause pollution/.
3. solar energy / available everywhere / very quiet / devices / not have moving parts /.
4. solar panels / expensive / use rare / special materials / technology / store solar energy / costly /.
5. solar energy / not always available / access / sunlight / limited / certain times /.
6. although / greener / fossil fuels / production / solar panels / emit / greenhouse gases /.
IV. WRITING
Activity 5. Write meaningful sentences about the pros and cons of solar energy. Use the words given.
1. solar energy / come directly / sun / renewable energy source / sustainable/.
Solar energy comes directly from the sun and this renewable energy source is sustainable.
2. this type / energy / environmentally friendly / not cause pollution/.
This type of energy is environmentally friendly and does not cause pollution.
3. solar energy / available everywhere / very quiet / devices / not have moving parts /.
Solar energy is available everywhere and is very quiet because solar energy/its devices do not have any moving parts.
IV. WRITING
Activity 5. Write meaningful sentences about the pros and cons of solar energy. Use the words given.
4. solar panels / expensive / use rare / special materials / technology / store solar energy / costly /.
Solar panels are expensive as they use rare and special materials, and the technology used to store solar energy is costly.
5. solar energy / not always available / access / sunlight / limited / certain times /.
Solar energy is not always available since access to sunlight is limited at certain times.
6. although / greener / fossil fuels / production / solar panels / emit / greenhouse gases /.
Although it is greener than fossil fuels, the production of solar panels may emit some greenhouse gases.
IV. WRITING
Activity 6. Use the ideas in 5 (and your own ideas) to write an essay of 180 – 250 words about the pros and cons of solar energy.
You can start your essay like this:
Nowadays, it has become necessary to use green technology with green renewable energy sources. Among all green energy sources, solar energy is the most important renewable energy source.
First of all,...
Nowadays, it has become necessary to use green technology with green renewable energy sources. Among all green energy sources, solar energy is the most important renewable energy source, which has both advantages and disadvantages.
First of all, solar energy comes directly from the sun and this abundant renewable energy source is sustainable. In general, this type of energy is environmentally friendly and does not cause pollution. Another advantage is that solar energy is available everywhere in the world, not only in hot and sunny countries near the Equator. Furthermore, it is very quiet because solar energy devices do not have any moving parts.
However, solar energy is not cheap. Solar panels are expensive to produce as they use rare and special materials. In addition, the technology used to store solar energy is costly. A further disadvantage is that solar energy is not always available since access to sunlight is limited at certain times. Furthermore, although it is greener than fossil fuels, the production of solar panels may emit some greenhouse gases.
In short, there is no energy source that is completely risk-free.
However, the pros of solar energy as a renewable energy source
outweigh the cons. I hope that further development of green
technology will soon eliminate the disadvantages.
Suggested answer
Homework
Thanks for your attention !